栏目

宽叶羌活Notopterygium forbesii de Boiss.

宽叶羌活Notopterygium forbesii de Boiss.

别名:川羌活;羌活;竹节羌;曲药;蚕羌;大头羌;狗引子花;

科名:伞形科 Umbelliferae

属名:羌活属 Notopterygium

《中国植物志》第55(1)卷188页
  1. 宽叶羌活(植物分类学报)大头羌(青海)图版99
  Notopterygium forbesii de Boiss. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 3: 840. 1903; 中药志1: 282, 图184. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴 2: 1099, 图 3928. 1972; 张盍曾, 植物分类学报13 (3): 83. 1975. ——Notopterygium franchetii de Boiss. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 3: 839. 1903.
  多年生草本,高80-180厘米。有发达的根茎,基部多残留叶鞘。茎直立,少分枝,圆柱形,中空,有纵直细条纹,带紫色。基生叶及茎下部叶有柄,柄长1-22厘米,下部有抱茎的叶鞘;叶大,三出式2-3回羽状复叶,一回羽片2-3对,有短柄或近无柄,末回裂片无柄或有短柄,长圆状卵形至卵状披针形,长3-8厘米,宽1-3厘米,顶端钝或渐尖,基部略带楔形,边缘有粗锯齿,脉上及叶缘有微毛;茎上部叶少数,叶片简化,仅有3小叶,叶鞘发达,膜质。复伞形花序顶生和腋生,直径5-14厘米,花序梗长5-25厘米;总苞片1-3,线状披针形,长约5毫米,早落;伞辐10-17 (23),长3-12厘米;小伞形花序直径1-3厘米,有多数花;小总苞片4-5,线形,长3-4毫米;花柄长0.5-1厘米;萼齿卵状三角形;花瓣淡黄色,倒卵形,长1-1.5毫米,顶端渐尖或钝,内折;雄蕊的花丝内弯,花药椭圆形,黄色,长约1毫米;花柱2,短,花柱基隆起,略呈平压状。分生果近圆形,长5毫米,宽4毫米,背腹稍压扁,背棱、中棱及侧棱均扩展成翅,但发展不均匀,翅宽约1毫米;油管明显,每棱槽3-4,合生面4;胚乳内凹。花期7月,果期8-9月。
  产山西、陕西、湖北、四川、内蒙古、甘肃、青海等省区。生长于海拔1700-4500米的林缘及灌丛内。模式标本采自湖北。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 14 (2005)
Notopterygium franchetii  H. de Boissieu
宽叶羌活   kuan ye qiang huo
Plants 80–180 cm. Root stout, with clusters of rootlets; caudex tuberous, strongly aromatic. Leaves ternate-2–3-pinnate; petiole 3–8 cm; blade to 25 × 35 cm; pinnae 2–3 pairs, proximal pinnae long-petiolulate; ultimate segments oblong-ovate, 3–8 × 1–3 cm, base obtuse or cuneate, puberulous on veins and margins. Leaves reduced upwards to 3 leaflets, sheaths broadly ovate. Umbels 5–14 cm across; peduncles 5–25 cm; bracts 1–3, linear-lanceolate, 0.5–1.5 cm; rays 10–17(–23), 3–12 cm; bracteoles 4–5, linear, 3–4 mm, very short; umbellules many-flowered; pedicels 0.5–1 cm. Calyx teeth ovate-triangular, ca. 0.5 mm. Petals pale yellow or yellowish-green, obovate, apex inflexed. Fruit oblong-ellipsoid, ca. 5 × 4 mm; vittae 3–4 in each furrow, 4 on commissure. Fl. Jul–Aug, fr. Aug–Sep.
Forest margins, scrub; 1700–4800 m. Gansu, Hubei, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.
The rootstock and root are used in some districts instead of Notopterygium incisum for the important traditional medicine “qiang huo.”

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