刺蒴麻Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.
刺蒴麻Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.
5.刺蒴麻（海南植物志）图版20：1-3
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Enum. Pl. Carib. 22. 1760; DC. Prodr. 1: 507. 1824; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 395. 1874; K. Schum. in Engl. u. Prant Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(VI. u. VI. a): 28. 1895; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 553. 1911.——Triumfetta bartramia Linn. Syst. ed. 10: 1044. 1757; Merr. in Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. 24(2): 258. 1935; 海南植物志2: 62. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 801. 图3332. 1972. nom suberbe.——Bartramia indica Linn. Sp. Pl. 389. 1753. Urena polyflora Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 417. 1790.——Triumfetta angulata Lam. Encycl. 3: 421. 1789-91; DC. Prod, 1: 507. 1824; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 41. 1861.
亚灌木；嫩枝被灰褐色短茸毛。叶纸质，生于茎下部的阔卵圆形，长3-8厘米，宽2-6厘米，先端常3裂，基部圆形；生于上部的长圆形；上面有疏毛，下面有星状柔毛，基出脉3-5条，两侧脉直达裂片尖端，边缘有不规则的粗锯齿；叶柄长1-5厘米。聚伞花序数枝腋生，花序柄及花柄均极短；萼片狭长圆形，长5毫米，顶端有角，被长毛；花瓣比萼片略短，黄色，边缘有毛；雄蕊10枚；子房有刺毛。果球形，不开裂，被灰黄色柔毛，具勾针刺长2毫米，有种子2-6颗。花期夏秋季间。
产于云南、广西、广东、福建、台湾。热带亚洲及非洲有分布。
全株供药用，辛温，消风散毒，治毒疮及肾结石。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacquin
刺蒴麻 ci shuo ma
Bartramia indica Linnaeus; Triumfetta angulata Lamarck; T. bartramii Linnaeus, nom. illeg. superfl.; T. indica Lamarck; T. trilocularis Roxburgh; T. velutina Vahl.
Subshrubs or herbs. Branchlets gray-brown tomentose. Petiole 1-5 cm; lower leaf blades broadly ovate-orbicular, rhomboid, or broadly ovate, 3-lobed, 3-9.5 × 2-8.5 cm, abaxially stellate pilose, adaxially sparsely hairy, basal veins 3-5, 2 lateral ones reaching tip of lobes, base broadly cuneate or rounded, margin irregularly bluntly serrate, apex acute; upper leaf blades oblong-lanceolate, not lobed. Cymes 3-5 per axil; peduncle to 2 mm. Flower buds cylindrical, apex slightly wider, ca. 4 mm. Pedicel less than 1 mm. Sepals narrowly oblong, 4.5-5.5 mm, villous, appendaged at tip. Petals yellow, slightly shorter than sepals, hairy along margins. Stamens 10. Ovary spiny. Capsule globose, ca. 3 mm in diam., spiny, indehiscent; spines ca. 2 mm, gray-yellow puberulent, tip hooked. Seeds 2-6. Fl. summer-autumn. 2n = 32.
Forest margins, open areas, wastelands; 100-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [throughout tropics; type from West Indies].
Triumfetta indica Lamarck (Encycl. 3: 420. 1792) is not based on Bartramia indica Linnaeus (Sp. Pl. 1: 389. 1753) and therefore blocks the transfer of B. indica to Triumfetta; hence the correct name for this species is T. rhomboidea.
The whole plant is used medicinally.
别名：diamond burbark;樆头婆;黐头婆;(黍/离)头婆;垂桉草;梗麻;密麻椿;黏头婆;细叶(黍/离)头猛;朱头绒;密马专;毛葱根;黄花虱麻头;黍/离;细叶;小狗核桃;羊膻臭果;粘头婆;痴头婆;尼马椿;
科名：椴树科 Tiliaceae
属名：刺蒴麻属 Triumfetta
5.刺蒴麻（海南植物志）图版20：1-3
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. Enum. Pl. Carib. 22. 1760; DC. Prodr. 1: 507. 1824; Masters in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 395. 1874; K. Schum. in Engl. u. Prant Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(VI. u. VI. a): 28. 1895; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 553. 1911.——Triumfetta bartramia Linn. Syst. ed. 10: 1044. 1757; Merr. in Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. new ser. 24(2): 258. 1935; 海南植物志2: 62. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 801. 图3332. 1972. nom suberbe.——Bartramia indica Linn. Sp. Pl. 389. 1753. Urena polyflora Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 417. 1790.——Triumfetta angulata Lam. Encycl. 3: 421. 1789-91; DC. Prod, 1: 507. 1824; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 41. 1861.
亚灌木；嫩枝被灰褐色短茸毛。叶纸质，生于茎下部的阔卵圆形，长3-8厘米，宽2-6厘米，先端常3裂，基部圆形；生于上部的长圆形；上面有疏毛，下面有星状柔毛，基出脉3-5条，两侧脉直达裂片尖端，边缘有不规则的粗锯齿；叶柄长1-5厘米。聚伞花序数枝腋生，花序柄及花柄均极短；萼片狭长圆形，长5毫米，顶端有角，被长毛；花瓣比萼片略短，黄色，边缘有毛；雄蕊10枚；子房有刺毛。果球形，不开裂，被灰黄色柔毛，具勾针刺长2毫米，有种子2-6颗。花期夏秋季间。
产于云南、广西、广东、福建、台湾。热带亚洲及非洲有分布。
全株供药用，辛温，消风散毒，治毒疮及肾结石。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacquin
刺蒴麻 ci shuo ma
Bartramia indica Linnaeus; Triumfetta angulata Lamarck; T. bartramii Linnaeus, nom. illeg. superfl.; T. indica Lamarck; T. trilocularis Roxburgh; T. velutina Vahl.
Subshrubs or herbs. Branchlets gray-brown tomentose. Petiole 1-5 cm; lower leaf blades broadly ovate-orbicular, rhomboid, or broadly ovate, 3-lobed, 3-9.5 × 2-8.5 cm, abaxially stellate pilose, adaxially sparsely hairy, basal veins 3-5, 2 lateral ones reaching tip of lobes, base broadly cuneate or rounded, margin irregularly bluntly serrate, apex acute; upper leaf blades oblong-lanceolate, not lobed. Cymes 3-5 per axil; peduncle to 2 mm. Flower buds cylindrical, apex slightly wider, ca. 4 mm. Pedicel less than 1 mm. Sepals narrowly oblong, 4.5-5.5 mm, villous, appendaged at tip. Petals yellow, slightly shorter than sepals, hairy along margins. Stamens 10. Ovary spiny. Capsule globose, ca. 3 mm in diam., spiny, indehiscent; spines ca. 2 mm, gray-yellow puberulent, tip hooked. Seeds 2-6. Fl. summer-autumn. 2n = 32.
Forest margins, open areas, wastelands; 100-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [throughout tropics; type from West Indies].
Triumfetta indica Lamarck (Encycl. 3: 420. 1792) is not based on Bartramia indica Linnaeus (Sp. Pl. 1: 389. 1753) and therefore blocks the transfer of B. indica to Triumfetta; hence the correct name for this species is T. rhomboidea.
The whole plant is used medicinally.
