毛蕨Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Ito

别名：铁毛蕨;不育带毛蕨;间断毛蕨;

科名：金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae

属名：毛蕨属 Cyclosorus

《中国植物志》第4(1)卷223页
  56.毛蕨（中国主要植物图说，蕨类植物门）间断毛蕨（海南植物志）不育带毛蕨（蕨类名词名称）图版38：4-7
  Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Ito in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 51: 714. 1937. nom. tant et in Nakai et Honda, Nova Fl. Jap. No. 4: 179. 1939; Holtt. in Journ. South. Afr. Bot. 40: 152. 1974 et Fl. Males. ser. 2, 1(5): 386. f. lr, 7 a-c. 1981; Kuo in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 410. Pl. 139. 1975; Edie, Ferns Hongk. 154. 1978; Johns et Clemesha, Austr. Ferns & Fern All. 123. f. 136. 1980; Jacobsen, Ferns & Fern All. South. Afr. 396. 1983; Tsai et Shieh in Fl. Taiwan 2ed 1: 372. Pl. 148. 1994. ——Pteris interrupta Willd in Phytogr. 1: 13. t. 10. 1794; Holtt. in Amer. Fern Journ. 63: 81. 1973. ——Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats. in Journ. Jap, Bot. 38: 314. 1963. nom. tant.; Fosberg et Sachet, Smithson. Contr. Bot. 8: 8. 1972; Schelpe, Consp. Fl. Angol. Pterid. 157. 1977; Kramer, Pterid. Suriname 128. 1978; F. & F. All., Fl. Guatem. 2: 492. 1981; kuo in Taiwania 30: 27. 1985; Tagawa et K. Iwats., Fl. Thailand 3(3): 400. 1988. A. R. Sm. in Fl. North Amer. 217. 1994.——Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 128. 1833; Farwell in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 259. 1931; H. Ito in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 51: 73. 1937 et in Nakai et Honda, Nova Fl. Jap. no. 4: 167. 1939; Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. Ser. 8: 186. 1938; Tard.-Blot in Lecomte, Not. Syst. 7: 72. 1938 et Fl. Madag. 288. 1958; Tard.-Blot et C. Chr., Fl. Indo-chine 7(2) 383. 1941, Holt., Fl. Mal. 2: Ferns Mal. 261. f. 148. 1945; 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 (蕨类植物门) 140, 183. 1957; Steward, Manual Vasc. Pl. Lower Yangtze Valley China 49. 1958; Ching et S. H. Wu in W. Y. Chun et al., Fl. Hainan 1: 125. 1964; Ching in Y. L. Zhang et al., Sporae Pterid. Sin. 280. f. 87 e, t. 62. 33-34. 1976.; Tagawa, Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 115. t. 45, f. 249. 1959; Shing in J. F. Cheng et G. F. Chu, Fl. Jiangxi 1: 208. f. 200. 1993.——Asplenium gongylodes Schkuhr, Krypt. Gewas. 1: 193. t. 133 c. 1809; Mett., Farngat. Pheg. u. Asid. n. 241. 1858.——Nephrodium gongylodes Schott, Gen. Fil, t. 10. 1834.——Dryopteris gongylodes O. Ktze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 811. 1891; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. 268. 1906. et Pterid. Madags. 49. 1932; v. A. v. R., Handb. Mal. Ferns 212. 1909; Sim, Ferns South. Mr. 97. 1915; Merr., Enum. Hainan Pl. In Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 1927; Masamune, Fl. Kainant. 15. 1934. ——Thelypteris gongylodes Small, Ferns SE States 248, 475. 1938; Tagawa et K. Iwats. in Southeast Asia St. 3(3): 79. 1965; 5: 68. 1967; K. Iwats., Ferns & Fern All. Jap. 214. Pl. 137. 5-6. 1992.——Dryopteris gongylodes var. hirsuta C. Chr., Vid. Selsk. Skr. Ser. 7(10): 193. 1912; Bonaparte, Not. Pterid. pt. 7: 149. 1918.——Cyclosorus gongylodes var. hirsutus (Mett.) Farwell. in Amer. Mild. Nat. 12: 230. 1931; Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. ser. 8: 187. 1938. ——Aspidium unitum var. hirsutum Mett, in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. 1: 8. 1864.——Nephrodium propinquum R. Br., Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl. 148. 1810.——Dryopteris gongylode var. propinqua C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 268. 1906; Sim, Ferns South. Afr. 98. 1915; Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. t. 89. 1863. ——Cyclosorus gongylodes var. glaber (Mett.) Ching in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol Bot. ser. 8: 188. 1938; Tard. -Blot et C. Chr., Fl. Madag. 1: 389. 1958.——Aspidium unitum var. glabrum Mett., l. c. ——Nephrodium unitum var. β Hook. et Bak. l. c. ——Dryopteris gongylodes var. glabra C. Chr., Vid. Selsk. Skr. ser. 7(10): 193. 1912.——Cyclosorus gongylodes var. glaber H. Ito in Nakai et Honda, Fl. Nova Jap. no. 4. 168. 1939.——Polypodium unitum L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1326. 1759. quoad Burm. Zeyl. tantum. ——Aspidium unitum auct. non (L.) Sieb. 1858: Benth., Fl. Hongk. 456. 1861; Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss Ser. 2, 1: 1018. 1901. ——Nephrodium unitum auct. non (L.) R. Br.: Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 20: 31. 1906; Dunn & Tutch, Fl. Kwangt. & Hongk. in Kew Bull. Add. ser. 10: 348. 1912. ——Polypodium secundum Wall. List n. 301. 1828. nom. nud.
  植株高达130厘米。根状茎横走，粗约5毫米，黑色，连同叶柄基部偶有一二卵状披针形鳞片。叶近生；叶柄长约70厘米，粗2-3毫米，基部黑褐色，向上渐变为禾秆色，几光滑；叶片长约60厘米，宽20-25厘米，卵状披针形或长圆披针形，先端渐尖，并具羽裂尾头，基部不变狭，二回羽裂；羽片22-25对，顶生羽片长约5厘米，基部宽约1.8厘米，三角状披针形，渐尖头，基部阔楔形，柄长约5毫米，羽裂达2/3，侧生中部羽片几无柄，斜向上，互生（基部的对生），相距约2厘米，近线状披针形，先端渐尖，基部楔形，对称，羽裂达1/3；裂片约30对，斜展，长宽各约3-4毫米，三角形，尖头。叶脉下面明显，每裂片有侧脉8-10对，基部一对斜展，其上侧一脉出自主脉基部，下侧一脉出自羽轴，二者先端交结成一个钝三角形网眼，并自交结点向缺刻下的膜质联线伸出外行小脉；第二对侧脉斜伸到膜质联线，在主脉两侧形成两个斜长方形网眼；第三对侧脉伸达缺刻以上的叶边。叶近革质，干后褐绿色，上面光滑，下面沿各脉疏生柔毛及少数橙红色小腺体，并沿羽轴有一二淡棕色鳞片；鳞片膜质，阔卵形，有缘毛。孢子囊群圆形，生于侧脉中部，每裂片5-9对，下部1-2对不育，因此在羽轴两侧各形成一条不育带；囊群盖小，膜质，淡棕色，上面疏被白色柔毛，宿存，成熟时隐没于囊群中。染色体2n=72，144。
  产台湾（台北、台中）、福建（厦门）、海南（琼中、昌江）、广东（广州）、香港、广西（临桂）、江西（庐山南坡）。生山谷溪旁湿处，海拔达200-380米。也广布于全世界热带和亚热带，向北经日本至韩国（济州岛）。模式标本采自印度。
  根据Holttum 1971的研究，Cyclosorus interruptus（Willd.）H. Ito＝Pteris inter-ruptus Willd（1794）和Cyclosorus gongylodes（Schkuhr）Link=Aspidium gongylodesSchkuhr 1809．二者的羽轴上均具鳞片，同为一种。因此后者为前者的异名。在此以前的一些作者（如Ching 1938，Holttum 1955等）所认为的羽轴上无麟片，叶纸质的C.interruputus实是C. terminans的错误鉴定（见上一种文献）。本种叶下毛被的多少有过渡现象，它和生态环境有一定的关系，在没有探讨清楚之前，暂不分为两个变种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Cyclosorus interruptus  (Willdenow) H. It? Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 51: 714. 1937.
毛蕨   mao jue
Pteris interrupta Willdenow, Phytographia, 13. 1794; Aspidium gongylodes Schkuhr; A. unitum (Linnaeus) Swartz var. glabrum Mettenius; A. unitum var. hirsutum Mettenius; Cyclosorus gongylodes (Schkuhr) Link; C. gongylodes var. glaber (Mettenius) Ching; C. gongylodes var. hirsutus (Mettenius) Farwell; Dryopteris gongylodes (Schkuhr) Kuntze; D. gongylodes var. hirsuta (Mettenius) C. Christensen; D. interrupta (Willdenow) Ching; Nephrodium gongylodes (Schkuhr) Schott; Thelypteris gongylodes (Schkuhr) Small; T. interrupta (Willdenow) K. Iwatsuki.
Plants 40-100 cm tall. Rhizomes long creeping, black, including bases of stipes with sparse ovate-lanceolate scales. Fronds distant; stipes 20-60 cm, bases black, distally stramineous; laminae 20-50 × 10-20 cm, bases not narrowed, apices caudate with apical pinna similar to lateral ones; lateral pinnae 10-25 pairs, linear-lanceolate, 5-10 × ca. 1 cm, shortly stalked, bases rounded-truncate, lobed 1/4-1/2 toward costae, apices acuminate; segments 20-30 pairs on middle pinnae, triangular, 3-5 × 2-4 mm, apices pointed; veinlets 6-10 pairs, proximal pair anastomosing, next 0.5-1 pair running to sinus membrane. Laminae somewhat leathery, reddish when dried, subglabrous adaxially, abaxially with acicular hairs and reddish orange sessile spherical glands along veins and several membranous broadly ovate scales along costae. Sori orbicular, medial to submarginal, proximal 1 or 2 pairs of veins sterile; indusia sparsely hairy. Sporangia bearing spherical reddish orange glands on stalks. Spores sparsely minutely echinulate. 2n = 72, 144.
Swamps, wetlands; near sea level to 500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, S Yunnan [throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world].
According to recent molecular study by Smith and Cranfill (Amer. Fern J. 92(2): 131-149. 2002), Cyclosorus interruptus is distantly related to other species in this genus but is quite close to Ampelopteris prolifera. This relationship requires further study.