红枝卷柏Selaginella sanguinolenta (L.) Spring
红枝卷柏Selaginella sanguinolenta (L.) Spring
4. 红枝卷柏 （东北草本植物志） 图版21: 1-6
Selaginella sanguinolenta (L.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 135. 1843; Baker, Handb. Fern-Allies 35. 1887; Warb. in Monsunia, 1: 100. 1900; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 6: 4. 1929; O. C. Schmidt in Acta Horti Gothob. 5: 51. 1930; Alston in Bull. FanMem. Inst. Biol. 5: 267. 1934; S. H. Fu, Ill. Important Chinese Pl., Pterid. 7, f. 8. 1957; Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 9. 1958; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202. 1966; IC. Corm. Sin. 1: 110, f. 220. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 20. 1974; Fl. Henan 1: 6, f. 6. 1981; Y. T. Hsieh in Acta Bot. Bor. -Occ. Sinica 2: 55. 1982; M. Minaki in Pollen et Spores 26: 448, Pl. 12: 4-6. 1984; Fl. Intramong. 1: 57, Pl. 2, f. 15-17. 1985; Fl. Liaoning. 1: 15, Pl. 3, f. 4-5. 1988; B. D. Liu etal. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3): 114, Pl. 5: 9, PI. 6: 1. 1989; P. S. Wang in J. Arnold Arbor. 71: 265. 1990; Y. L. Zhang et al., Spore Morph. Chin. Pterid. 49, pl. 3: 18-20 et 22-23.990: Fl. Shanxi 1: 15, Pl. 2. 1992: Fl. Xinj fang 1: 7. 1992; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 8. 1993; Y. T. Hsieh et M. L. Wang in J. NorthwestUniv. (N. S.) 25 (2): 149. 1995; J. z. Wang et S. X. Li, Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor. -Ori. 2nd ed. 22, Pl. 3, f. 5. 1995: L. J. Mei, Fl. Qinghaiica 1: 3, pl. 1, f. 1-2. 1997; Krasnoborov, Fl. Siberia 1: 27, Pl. 2, f. 1. 2000; P. S. Wang et X. Y. Wang, Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 642. 2001; Grubov, Key Vasc. Pl. Mongolia 1: 27, pl. 2, f. 8. 2001. ——Lycopodium sanguinolentum L., Sp. Pl. 1104. 1753, non Forsk. 1775. ——Lycopadioides sanguinolenta Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 827. 1891; S. H. Ku飞, Fl. Sichuan., 6: 61, pl. 17, f. 12. 1988. ——Lycopodium boreale Kaulf., Enum. Filic. 17. 1824. ——Lycopodioides borealis (Kaulf.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 826. 1891. ——S. borealis (Kaulf.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 141. 1843; Rupr., Beitr.Pfl. Russ. 3: 32. 1845; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. II, in Men. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bel-gique 24: 96. 1850: Baker, Handb. Fern-Allies 73. 1887; Warb. in Monsunia 1: 100. 1900; Fedtsch., Fl. Ill. Pl. Sib. 1: 57, t. 5, f. 3. 1909; O. C. Schmidt in Acta HortiGothob. 5: 51. 1930: Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 11, f. 12. 1958; Fl. Intramong. 1: 59, Pl. 3, f. 6-12. 1985; Fl. Liaoning. 1: 15. 1988: B. D. Liu et al. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3) : 114, pl. 5: 6-8. 1989: Aur et G. F. Li, Pterid. Heilongjiang44, f. 14. 1990; J. z. Wang et S. X. Li, Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor. -Ori. 2nd ed. 22, Pl. 3, f. 2. 1995; Krasnoborov, Fl. Siberia 1: 27, Pl. 2, f. 2. 2000. ——S. jacquemontiiSpring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 226. 1843; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 134. 1966. ——S. borealis f. camtschatica Milde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867. ——S. borealis f. ajanensis Milde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867. ——S. borealis f. amurensisMilde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867.——S. borealis f. indica Mllde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867, non S. indica (Milde) R. M. Tryon. ——S. kashmiriana R. D. Dixit, Cens. IndianPterid. 14. 1984, et Selag. India 36, f. 4, Pl. 4. 1992, nom. superfl. ——S. aitchisonii I3ieron. in Engl. u. Prand, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (4) : 674. 1902; R. D. Dix-it, Cens. Indian Pterid. 11. 1984, et Selag. India 35, f. 3, Pl. 3. 1992. ——S. san-guinolenta var. compressa Trautv. et Mey. in Middendorff, Raise 1 (2): 108. 1858; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202. 1966. ——S. sanguinolentavar. brachxlada Kitagawa, Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manch. 4: 6, 73. 1936; Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 10. 1958; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202. 1966. ——S. sanguinolenta f. aitchisonii (Hieron. ) Alston in Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. In-dia 11: 215. 1945; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202, 1966. ——S. kansuensis Ching et Y. P. Hsu, Fl. Tsinling. 2: 205, Pl. 3, f. 7-12. 1974. ——S. sanguinolenta f. kantzensis H. S. Kung in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3: 251. 1981: Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 8. 1993, syn. nov. ——Lycopodioides sanguinolentaf. kantzensis (H. S. Kung) S. H. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 61, Pl. 17, f. 10-11. 1988, syn. nov
土生或石生，旱生，夏绿植物，高（5-）10-30厘米，匍匐，具横走的根状茎，茎枝纤细，交织成片。根托在主茎与分枝上断续着生，由茎枝的分叉处下面生出，长2.5-5（-15）厘米，纤细，直径0.24-0.38毫米；根多分叉，密被根毛。主茎全部分枝，不呈“之”字形，或多少呈“之”字形，主茎下部直径0.36-0.74毫米，茎圆柱状，不具沟槽。红褐色或褐色，光滑无毛，内具维管束1条。侧枝3-4回羽状分枝，相邻侧枝间距2-4厘米，分枝光滑，末回分枝连叶宽0.7-1.9毫米。叶覆瓦状排列，不明显的二形，叶质较厚，表面光滑，边缘不为全缘或近全缘，不具白边；主茎上的叶覆瓦状排列，略大于分枝上的叶，略二形，中叶绿色，披针形或卵状披针形，鞘状，叶背呈龙骨状，基部盾状，边缘撕裂，有睫毛。主茎上的腋叶较分枝上的大，狭长圆形，顶端圆钝，基部盾状；分枝上的腋叶对称，狭椭圆形或狭长圆形，0.8-2.1毫米x0.4-0.8毫米，边缘撕裂，有睫毛。中叶多少对称，主茎上的略大于分枝上的，分枝上的卵状斜方形，0.8-1.5毫米x0.4-0.8毫米，覆瓦状排列，脊状隆起或强烈隆起，叶先端与轴平行，具小尖头，基部斜，盾状，边缘近全缘或撕裂状并具睫毛。侧叶不对称，主茎上的较分枝上的大；分枝上的长圆状倒卵形或倒卵形，略斜升，紧密排列，1-2毫米x0.4-0.8毫米，先端短芒状或具小尖头，基部上侧不扩大，覆盖小枝，上侧边缘膜质近全缘；基部下侧下延，撕裂状并有睫毛。孢子叶穗紧密，四棱柱形，单生于小枝末端，6-30 (-80)毫米x1-1.5毫米；孢子叶与营养叶近似，孢子叶一形，不具白边，阔卵形，边缘略撕裂状并具睫毛，锐龙骨状，先端急尖；大、小孢子叶在孢子叶穗下侧间断排列。大孢子浅黄色；小孢子橘黄色或橘红色。
产北京、甘肃（玉门、迭部）、贵州（安顺、贵阳、赫章、平坝、普安、威宁、西秀）、河南（博爱、辉县、济源、林县、灵宝、栾川、西峡、淅川）、河北（北戴河、承德、内丘、青龙、小五台山、蔚县、张家口）、湖南（衡山）、黑龙江、辽宁（鞍山、大连、建平、凌源、瓦房店）、宁夏（贺兰山）、内蒙古（赤峰、呼伦贝尔盟、兴安盟、哲里木盟）、陕西（长安、华阴、眉县）、山西（五台山）、四川（宝兴、丹巴、道孚、稻城、德格、都江堰、甘洛、甘孜、金川、九龙、九寨沟、康定、里塘、理县、沪定、炉霍、马尔康、茂县、美姑、木里、南坪、荥经、汶川、乡城、新龙、雅江、越西）、西藏（昌都）、云南（维西、贡山、德钦、鹤庆、昆明、丽江、中甸）。生于石灰岩上，海拔1400-3450米。也分布到蒙古、俄罗斯西伯利亚、喜马拉雅。模式标本采自堪察加。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Selaginella sanguinolenta (Linnaeus) Spring Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles. 10: 135. 1843.
红枝卷柏 hong zhi juan bai
Lycopodium sanguinolentum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1104. 1753; Lycopodioides sanguinolenta (Linnaeus) Kuntze; L. sanguinolenta f. kantzensis (H. S. Kung) H. S. Kung; Lycopodium boreale Kaulfuss; Selaginella aitchisonii Hieronymus; S. borealis (Kaulfuss) Spring; S. borealis f. ajanensis Milde; S. borealis f. amurensis Milde; S. borealis f. camtschatica Milde; S. borealis f. indica Milde; S. jacquemontii Spring; S. kansuensis Ching & Y. P. Hsu; S. kashmiriana R. D. Dixit; S. sanguinolenta f. aitchisonii (Hieronymus) Alston; S. sanguinolenta var. brachyclada Kitagawa; S. sanguinolenta var. compressa Trautvetter & Meyer; S. sanguinolenta f. kantzensis H. S. Kung; Stachygynandrum sanguinolentum (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois.
Plants terrestrial or epilithic, xerophytic, seasonally green, creeping, (5-)10-30 cm or more. Rhizophores at intervals throughout length of creeping stem and branches, borne on ventral side in axils of branches. Main stems branched throughout, reddish or brown, 0.36-0.74 mm in diam. in lower part, stem terete, not sulcate, glabrous; branches many, some basal lateral branches developing into rather long branch systems; primary leafy branches 5-8 pairs, 3 or 4 times pinnately branched, branchlets sparse, adjacent primary branches on main stem 2-4 cm apart, ultimate branches 0.7-1.9 mm wide including leaves. Axillary leaves on main stems larger than those on branches, narrowly oblong, base peltate, obtuse; axillary leaves on branches symmetrical, narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 0.8-2.1 × 0.4-0.8 mm, margin lacerate-ciliolate. Dorsal leaves ± symmetrical, those on main stems slightly larger than those on branches; dorsal leaves on branches imbricate, rhomboid-ovate, 0.8-1.5 × 0.4-0.8 mm, carinate to strongly carinate, base oblique, peltate, margin subentire or lacerate-ciliolate, apex apiculate, parallel to axis. Ventral leaves asymmetrical, those on main stem larger than those on branches; ventral leaves on branches approximate, slightly ascending, oblong-obovate or obovate, 1-2 × 0.4-0.8 mm, basiscopic base decurrent, lacerate-ciliolate, acroscopic margin subentire, membranous, apex shortly aristate or apiculate. Strobili compact, tetragonal, terminal, solitary, 6-30(-80) × 1-1.5 mm; sporophylls similar to sterile leaves, monomorphic, broadly ovate, sharply carinate, not white-margined, margin slightly lacerate, apex acute; megasporophylls and microsporophylls at intervals, or megasporophylls on lower side; microsporangia suborbicular, rather thin, cells uniform; microspores yellowish orange or orange-red, megaspores pale yellow (sometimes 5 or 6 per sporangium, all 5 or 6 spores equal-sized, or 1 larger, or 4 larger).
On rocks (limestone); 1400-3500 m. S Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Afghanistan, Himalaya, Kashmir, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia (Siberia)].
Selaginella sanguinolenta is a very variable species; the leaves are sometimes subentire or entire in very dry conditions, and the leafy stem, as well as the branches with leaves, can then appear tetragonal.
别名：旱生卷柏;小过山龙;园枝卷柏;圆枝卷柏;乌兰-麻特日音-好木苏;圆柏卷柏;小过江龙;
科名：卷柏科 Selaginellaceae
属名：卷柏属 Selaginella
4. 红枝卷柏 （东北草本植物志） 图版21: 1-6
Selaginella sanguinolenta (L.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 135. 1843; Baker, Handb. Fern-Allies 35. 1887; Warb. in Monsunia, 1: 100. 1900; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 6: 4. 1929; O. C. Schmidt in Acta Horti Gothob. 5: 51. 1930; Alston in Bull. FanMem. Inst. Biol. 5: 267. 1934; S. H. Fu, Ill. Important Chinese Pl., Pterid. 7, f. 8. 1957; Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 9. 1958; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202. 1966; IC. Corm. Sin. 1: 110, f. 220. 1972; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 20. 1974; Fl. Henan 1: 6, f. 6. 1981; Y. T. Hsieh in Acta Bot. Bor. -Occ. Sinica 2: 55. 1982; M. Minaki in Pollen et Spores 26: 448, Pl. 12: 4-6. 1984; Fl. Intramong. 1: 57, Pl. 2, f. 15-17. 1985; Fl. Liaoning. 1: 15, Pl. 3, f. 4-5. 1988; B. D. Liu etal. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3): 114, Pl. 5: 9, PI. 6: 1. 1989; P. S. Wang in J. Arnold Arbor. 71: 265. 1990; Y. L. Zhang et al., Spore Morph. Chin. Pterid. 49, pl. 3: 18-20 et 22-23.990: Fl. Shanxi 1: 15, Pl. 2. 1992: Fl. Xinj fang 1: 7. 1992; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 8. 1993; Y. T. Hsieh et M. L. Wang in J. NorthwestUniv. (N. S.) 25 (2): 149. 1995; J. z. Wang et S. X. Li, Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor. -Ori. 2nd ed. 22, Pl. 3, f. 5. 1995: L. J. Mei, Fl. Qinghaiica 1: 3, pl. 1, f. 1-2. 1997; Krasnoborov, Fl. Siberia 1: 27, Pl. 2, f. 1. 2000; P. S. Wang et X. Y. Wang, Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 642. 2001; Grubov, Key Vasc. Pl. Mongolia 1: 27, pl. 2, f. 8. 2001. ——Lycopodium sanguinolentum L., Sp. Pl. 1104. 1753, non Forsk. 1775. ——Lycopadioides sanguinolenta Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 827. 1891; S. H. Ku飞, Fl. Sichuan., 6: 61, pl. 17, f. 12. 1988. ——Lycopodium boreale Kaulf., Enum. Filic. 17. 1824. ——Lycopodioides borealis (Kaulf.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 826. 1891. ——S. borealis (Kaulf.) Spring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 141. 1843; Rupr., Beitr.Pfl. Russ. 3: 32. 1845; Spring, Monogr. Lycopod. II, in Men. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bel-gique 24: 96. 1850: Baker, Handb. Fern-Allies 73. 1887; Warb. in Monsunia 1: 100. 1900; Fedtsch., Fl. Ill. Pl. Sib. 1: 57, t. 5, f. 3. 1909; O. C. Schmidt in Acta HortiGothob. 5: 51. 1930: Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 11, f. 12. 1958; Fl. Intramong. 1: 59, Pl. 3, f. 6-12. 1985; Fl. Liaoning. 1: 15. 1988: B. D. Liu et al. in Bull. Bot. Res. (Harbin) 9 (3) : 114, pl. 5: 6-8. 1989: Aur et G. F. Li, Pterid. Heilongjiang44, f. 14. 1990; J. z. Wang et S. X. Li, Clav. Pl. Chin. Bor. -Ori. 2nd ed. 22, Pl. 3, f. 2. 1995; Krasnoborov, Fl. Siberia 1: 27, Pl. 2, f. 2. 2000. ——S. jacquemontiiSpring in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10: 226. 1843; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 134. 1966. ——S. borealis f. camtschatica Milde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867. ——S. borealis f. ajanensis Milde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867. ——S. borealis f. amurensisMilde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867.——S. borealis f. indica Mllde, Fil. Eur. 267. 1867, non S. indica (Milde) R. M. Tryon. ——S. kashmiriana R. D. Dixit, Cens. IndianPterid. 14. 1984, et Selag. India 36, f. 4, Pl. 4. 1992, nom. superfl. ——S. aitchisonii I3ieron. in Engl. u. Prand, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1 (4) : 674. 1902; R. D. Dix-it, Cens. Indian Pterid. 11. 1984, et Selag. India 35, f. 3, Pl. 3. 1992. ——S. san-guinolenta var. compressa Trautv. et Mey. in Middendorff, Raise 1 (2): 108. 1858; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202. 1966. ——S. sanguinolentavar. brachxlada Kitagawa, Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manch. 4: 6, 73. 1936; Herb. Pl. Northeast China 1: 10. 1958; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202. 1966. ——S. sanguinolenta f. aitchisonii (Hieron. ) Alston in Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. In-dia 11: 215. 1945; Reed, Index Selaginellarum, in Mem. Soc. Brot. 18: 202, 1966. ——S. kansuensis Ching et Y. P. Hsu, Fl. Tsinling. 2: 205, Pl. 3, f. 7-12. 1974. ——S. sanguinolenta f. kantzensis H. S. Kung in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3: 251. 1981: Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 8. 1993, syn. nov. ——Lycopodioides sanguinolentaf. kantzensis (H. S. Kung) S. H. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 61, Pl. 17, f. 10-11. 1988, syn. nov
土生或石生，旱生，夏绿植物，高（5-）10-30厘米，匍匐，具横走的根状茎，茎枝纤细，交织成片。根托在主茎与分枝上断续着生，由茎枝的分叉处下面生出，长2.5-5（-15）厘米，纤细，直径0.24-0.38毫米；根多分叉，密被根毛。主茎全部分枝，不呈“之”字形，或多少呈“之”字形，主茎下部直径0.36-0.74毫米，茎圆柱状，不具沟槽。红褐色或褐色，光滑无毛，内具维管束1条。侧枝3-4回羽状分枝，相邻侧枝间距2-4厘米，分枝光滑，末回分枝连叶宽0.7-1.9毫米。叶覆瓦状排列，不明显的二形，叶质较厚，表面光滑，边缘不为全缘或近全缘，不具白边；主茎上的叶覆瓦状排列，略大于分枝上的叶，略二形，中叶绿色，披针形或卵状披针形，鞘状，叶背呈龙骨状，基部盾状，边缘撕裂，有睫毛。主茎上的腋叶较分枝上的大，狭长圆形，顶端圆钝，基部盾状；分枝上的腋叶对称，狭椭圆形或狭长圆形，0.8-2.1毫米x0.4-0.8毫米，边缘撕裂，有睫毛。中叶多少对称，主茎上的略大于分枝上的，分枝上的卵状斜方形，0.8-1.5毫米x0.4-0.8毫米，覆瓦状排列，脊状隆起或强烈隆起，叶先端与轴平行，具小尖头，基部斜，盾状，边缘近全缘或撕裂状并具睫毛。侧叶不对称，主茎上的较分枝上的大；分枝上的长圆状倒卵形或倒卵形，略斜升，紧密排列，1-2毫米x0.4-0.8毫米，先端短芒状或具小尖头，基部上侧不扩大，覆盖小枝，上侧边缘膜质近全缘；基部下侧下延，撕裂状并有睫毛。孢子叶穗紧密，四棱柱形，单生于小枝末端，6-30 (-80)毫米x1-1.5毫米；孢子叶与营养叶近似，孢子叶一形，不具白边，阔卵形，边缘略撕裂状并具睫毛，锐龙骨状，先端急尖；大、小孢子叶在孢子叶穗下侧间断排列。大孢子浅黄色；小孢子橘黄色或橘红色。
产北京、甘肃（玉门、迭部）、贵州（安顺、贵阳、赫章、平坝、普安、威宁、西秀）、河南（博爱、辉县、济源、林县、灵宝、栾川、西峡、淅川）、河北（北戴河、承德、内丘、青龙、小五台山、蔚县、张家口）、湖南（衡山）、黑龙江、辽宁（鞍山、大连、建平、凌源、瓦房店）、宁夏（贺兰山）、内蒙古（赤峰、呼伦贝尔盟、兴安盟、哲里木盟）、陕西（长安、华阴、眉县）、山西（五台山）、四川（宝兴、丹巴、道孚、稻城、德格、都江堰、甘洛、甘孜、金川、九龙、九寨沟、康定、里塘、理县、沪定、炉霍、马尔康、茂县、美姑、木里、南坪、荥经、汶川、乡城、新龙、雅江、越西）、西藏（昌都）、云南（维西、贡山、德钦、鹤庆、昆明、丽江、中甸）。生于石灰岩上，海拔1400-3450米。也分布到蒙古、俄罗斯西伯利亚、喜马拉雅。模式标本采自堪察加。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Selaginella sanguinolenta (Linnaeus) Spring Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles. 10: 135. 1843.
红枝卷柏 hong zhi juan bai
Lycopodium sanguinolentum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1104. 1753; Lycopodioides sanguinolenta (Linnaeus) Kuntze; L. sanguinolenta f. kantzensis (H. S. Kung) H. S. Kung; Lycopodium boreale Kaulfuss; Selaginella aitchisonii Hieronymus; S. borealis (Kaulfuss) Spring; S. borealis f. ajanensis Milde; S. borealis f. amurensis Milde; S. borealis f. camtschatica Milde; S. borealis f. indica Milde; S. jacquemontii Spring; S. kansuensis Ching & Y. P. Hsu; S. kashmiriana R. D. Dixit; S. sanguinolenta f. aitchisonii (Hieronymus) Alston; S. sanguinolenta var. brachyclada Kitagawa; S. sanguinolenta var. compressa Trautvetter & Meyer; S. sanguinolenta f. kantzensis H. S. Kung; Stachygynandrum sanguinolentum (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois.
Plants terrestrial or epilithic, xerophytic, seasonally green, creeping, (5-)10-30 cm or more. Rhizophores at intervals throughout length of creeping stem and branches, borne on ventral side in axils of branches. Main stems branched throughout, reddish or brown, 0.36-0.74 mm in diam. in lower part, stem terete, not sulcate, glabrous; branches many, some basal lateral branches developing into rather long branch systems; primary leafy branches 5-8 pairs, 3 or 4 times pinnately branched, branchlets sparse, adjacent primary branches on main stem 2-4 cm apart, ultimate branches 0.7-1.9 mm wide including leaves. Axillary leaves on main stems larger than those on branches, narrowly oblong, base peltate, obtuse; axillary leaves on branches symmetrical, narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 0.8-2.1 × 0.4-0.8 mm, margin lacerate-ciliolate. Dorsal leaves ± symmetrical, those on main stems slightly larger than those on branches; dorsal leaves on branches imbricate, rhomboid-ovate, 0.8-1.5 × 0.4-0.8 mm, carinate to strongly carinate, base oblique, peltate, margin subentire or lacerate-ciliolate, apex apiculate, parallel to axis. Ventral leaves asymmetrical, those on main stem larger than those on branches; ventral leaves on branches approximate, slightly ascending, oblong-obovate or obovate, 1-2 × 0.4-0.8 mm, basiscopic base decurrent, lacerate-ciliolate, acroscopic margin subentire, membranous, apex shortly aristate or apiculate. Strobili compact, tetragonal, terminal, solitary, 6-30(-80) × 1-1.5 mm; sporophylls similar to sterile leaves, monomorphic, broadly ovate, sharply carinate, not white-margined, margin slightly lacerate, apex acute; megasporophylls and microsporophylls at intervals, or megasporophylls on lower side; microsporangia suborbicular, rather thin, cells uniform; microspores yellowish orange or orange-red, megaspores pale yellow (sometimes 5 or 6 per sporangium, all 5 or 6 spores equal-sized, or 1 larger, or 4 larger).
On rocks (limestone); 1400-3500 m. S Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hunan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Afghanistan, Himalaya, Kashmir, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia (Siberia)].
Selaginella sanguinolenta is a very variable species; the leaves are sometimes subentire or entire in very dry conditions, and the leafy stem, as well as the branches with leaves, can then appear tetragonal.
