茵芋Skimmia reevesiana Fort.

别名：黄山桂;山桂花;海南茵芋;高山鲜杏李;深红茵芋;岩罗花;阿里山茵芋;

科名：芸香科 Rutaceae

属名：茵芋属 Skimmia

《中国植物志》第43(2)卷110页
  1. 茵芋（神农本草）山桂花、黄山桂、深红茵芋、阿里山茵芋、海南茵芋 图版27
  Skimmia reevesiana Fort. J. Tea Countr. China 329. 1852; Huang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 7: 350, Pl. 68, 70(l). 1958; H. L. Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 381. 1963;台湾植物志3: 527. 713. 1977.——Skimmia fortunei Mast. in Gard. Chron. ser. 3: 520, f. 9. 1889.——S. orthoclada Hayata Ic. Pl. Form. 5: 13, f. 5b. 1915.——S. arisanensis Hayata, l. c. II, f. 5c. 1915;台湾植物志3: 527. 1977.——S. distincte-venulosa Hayata, l. c. 10, f. 5a——S. japonica var. distincte-venulosa C. E. Chang in Fl. Taiwan. 3: 527. 1977.——S. hainanensis Huang, l. c. 7: 352. 1958.——S. japonica auct. non Thunb.: Pritz. in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 424. 1900.
  灌木，高1-2米。小枝常中空，皮淡灰绿色，光滑，干后常有浅纵皱纹。叶有柑橘叶的香气，革质，集生于枝上部，叶片椭圆形、披针形、卵形或倒披针形，顶部短尖或钝，基部阔楔形，长5-12厘米，宽 1.5-4厘米，叶面中脉稍凸起，干后较显著，有细毛；叶柄长5-10毫米。花序轴及花梗均被短细毛，花芳香，淡黄白色，顶生圆锥花序，花密集，花梗甚短；萼片及花瓣均5片，很少4片或3片；萼片半圆形，长1-1.5毫米，边缘被短毛；花瓣黄白色，长3-5毫米，花蕾时各瓣大小稍不相等；雄蕊与花瓣同数而等长或较长，花柱初时甚短，花盛开时伸长，柱头增大；雄花的退化雄蕊棒状，子房近球形，花柱圆柱状，柱头头状；雄花的退化雌蕊扁球形，顶部短尖，不裂或2-4浅裂。果圆或椭圆形或倒卵形，长8-15毫米，红色，有种子2-4粒；种子扁卵形，长5-9毫米，宽4-6毫米，厚2-3毫米，顶部尖，基部圆，有极细小的窝点。花期3-5月，果期9-11月。
  产我国北纬约30°以南各地，西北至云南东北，东北至安徽黄山，东南至台湾中部山区，南至海南五指山山顶，通常生于海拔1200-2600米高山森林下，湿度大、云雾多的地方，它的枝干上常附生苔鲜植物。菲律宾也有。
  模式标本采自安徽黄山。
  枝、叶味苦，据载有毒。用作草药，治风湿。湖北民间用全株作草药，治肾炎、水肿。产台湾的其叶含茵芋碱及香豆素。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Skimmia reevesiana  (Fortune) Fortune
茵芋   yin yu
Ilex reevesiana Fortune, Gard. Chron. 1851: 5. 1851; Skimmia arisanensis Hayata; S. distinctevenulosa Hayata; S. fortunei Masters; S. hainanensis C. C. Huang; S. japonica Thunberg var. distinctevenulosa (Hayata) C. E. Chang; S. japonica subsp. reevesiana (Fortune) N. P. Taylor & Airy Shaw; S. japonica var. reevesiana (Fortune) N. P. Taylor; S. orthoclada Hayata.
Shrubs 1-2 m tall. Branches with hollow pith; bark pale grayish green, smooth, cracked when dry. Leaves clustered at branch apex, with a citrus-leaf odor; petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade elliptic, lanceolate, ovate, or oblanceolate, 5-12 × 1.5-4 cm, leathery, midvein adaxially puberulent, base cuneate, apex mucronate to obtuse or acuminate. Inflorescences puberulent, with condensed flowers. Flowers male, female, or bisexual, (3 or)4- or 5-merous, fragrant. Sepals rounded, 1-1.5 mm, margin ciliate. Petals yellowish white, 3-5 mm. Stamens (3 or)4 or 5. Male flowers: rudimentary ovary compressed globose, entire or shallowly 2-4-lobed, apex mucronate. Female flowers: ovary subglobose; style elongated; stigma capitate. Fruit red, globose to ellipsoid-obovoid, 0.8-1.5 cm, 2-4-seeded. Seeds compressed ovoid, 5-9 × 4-6 mm. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 60*.
Montane moss forests; 1200-2600 m. S Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, E Yunnan, Zhejiang [Myanmar, Philippines, S Vietnam].
Taylor (Kew Mag. 4: 182, 183. 1987) treated Skimmia reevesiana as S. japonica subsp. reevesiana and placed S. arisanensis, S. distinctevenulosa, S. hainanensis, and S. orthoclada in synonymy of S. japonica var. reevesiana.