耳草Hedyotis auriclaria Linn.

别名：对节草;鲫鱼胆草;节节花;

科名：茜草科 Rubiaceae

属名：耳草属 Hedyotis

《中国植物志》第71(1)卷037页
  8. 耳草（植物学名词审查本）
  Hedyotis auricularia Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 101. 1753; DC. Prodr. 4: 420. 1830; Benth. Fl. Hongk. 150. 1861; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 58. 1880; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 128. 1912; Levl. Cat. Fl. Yunnan 245. 1917; Merr. Enurn. Philip. Flow. Pl. 3: 495. 1923 et in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 171. 1927; Nobuyuki Fukuoka in Southeast Asian Studies 8 (3): 311. 1979; 海南植物志3: 299. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴4: 215, 图5843. 1975. Hara et Gould in Hara et al. Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 2: 202. 1979. ——Oldenlandia auricularia (Linn.) F. -Muell. Syst. Cons. Austral. Pl. 74. 1882; Schum. in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV. (4): 25. 1891. ——Exallage auricularia (Linn.) Bremek. in Verh. Ned. Akad. Wetens. Afd. Nat. Sect. 2, 48: 142. 1952.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Hedyotis auricularia  Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 101. 1753.
耳草   er cao
Herbs, perennial, tufted to weak or procumbent, sometimes (var. auricularia) to usually (var. mina) rooting at lowermost nodes, to 1 m tall or long; stems flattened, 4-angled, or terete becoming angled and/or sulcate, densely hirtellous, hispidulous, strigillose, pilosulous, or puberulent, to sometimes glabrescent (var. auricularia), or glabrous except villosulous to pilosulous and sometimes also hirsute to pilose inside grooves (var. mina). Leaves subsessile to petiolate; petiole to 7 mm, densely strigillose to pilosulous; blade drying subleathery to papery, ovate, lanceolate, elliptic, or elliptic-oblong, 2.2-9 × 0.6-3 cm (var. auricularia) or 1.2-3 × 0.4-1.4 (var. mina), adaxially glabrous or puberulent along midrib or scabrous, abaxially glabrous on lamina and densely puberulent to strigillose or hispidulous along principal veins and margins, base acute to obtuse and sometimes shortly decurrent, apex acute or acuminate; secondary veins 4-6 (var. auricularia) or 2-4 (var. mina) pairs; stipules fused to petiole bases, densely puberulent, strigillose, or pilosulous, sheath 1.5-3.5 mm, truncate to triangular or elliptic, in var. auricularia with 3-9 linear or setiform lobes 0.5-5 mm, often glandular at apex, in var. mina entire and acute to aristate or sometimes with 2 setose lobes to 2 mm. Inflorescences axillary, glomerulate to congested-cymose, 5-12 mm in diam., several to many flowered (var. auricularia) or 2-7-flowered (var. mina), puberulent, sessile; bracts lanceolate to stipuliform, 0.3-2 mm; pedicels to 1 (var. auricularia) or 3 (var. mina) mm. Flowers sessile to pedicellate, distylous. Calyx puberulent (var. auricularia) or glabrous (var. mina); hypanthium portion obconic, ca. 1 mm; limb lobed essentially to base; lobes lanceolate to triangular, 0.8-1.2 mm, usually ciliolate. Corolla white, tubular or tubular-funnelform, outside pilosulous at least on lobes (var. auricularia) or glabrous throughout (var. mina); tube 1-1.5 mm, barbate in throat; lobes 0.5-1 mm. Anthers narrowly oblong, ca. 1 mm, exserted or included. Stigma ca. 1 mm, exserted or included. Fruit indehiscent, globose to ovoid, 1.2-1.5 mm in diam., sparsely hirtellous, hispidulous, or puberulent (var. auricularia), or glabrous (var. mina), sometimes with peduncles and/or pedicels elongating, to 2 mm; seeds 4-12, black, foveolate. Fl. and fr. Mar-Dec.
Forest margins, thickets, grasslands, open fields, streamsides; below 100-1500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [India, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].

《全国中草药汇编》:耳草

【拼音名】 ěr Cǎo
【别名】 鲫鱼胆草、细叶亚婆巢、节节花
【来源】 茜草科耳草属植物耳草Hedyotis auricularia L.[Oldenlandia auricularia （L.）F-Muell.]的全草。全年可采，洗净，鲜用或晒干。
【性味】 苦，凉。
【功能主治】 清热解毒，凉血消肿。用于感冒发热，肺热咳嗽，喉痛，急性结膜炎，肠炎，痢疾；外用治蛇咬伤，跌打损伤，痈疮肿毒，乳腺炎，湿疹。
【用法用量】 3～5钱；外用适量，鲜叶捣烂敷患处，或煎水洗。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》