栏目

尖刺蔷薇Rosa oxyacantha M. Bieb.

尖刺蔷薇Rosa oxyacantha M. Bieb.

别名:

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:蔷薇属 Rosa

《中国植物志》第37卷405页
  36.尖刺蔷薇
  Rosa oxyacantha M. Bieb. Fl. Taur.-Cauc. 3: 338. 1819; Crep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 14: 9. 1875. saltem p. p. ; Juzep. in Fl. URSS 10: 450. 1941. ——Rosa pimpinellifoliavar. subalpina Bge. ex M. Bieb. l. c.
  小灌木,高1-2米;分枝开展,小枝红褐色,无毛;皮刺极多,直立,长短粗细不等,淡黄色。小叶7-9,连叶柄长4-9厘米;小叶片长圆形或椭圆形,长1.5-2.5厘米,宽8-17毫米,先端急尖或圆钝,基部近圆形或宽楔形,边缘有重锯齿,或不明显重锯齿,两面均无毛,下面叶脉突起;小叶柄和叶轴无毛,有散生小皮刺和腺毛;托叶大部贴生于叶柄,离生部分披针形,先端急尖,全缘,边缘有腺毛。花单生,稀2-3朵集生;苞片卵形,先端长尾尖,边缘有腺毛;花梗长1.5-2厘米,光滑或有腺毛;花直径2.5-3厘米;萼筒卵形或长圆形,光滑或有散生腺毛;萼片披针形,先端扩展成叶状,全缘,外面密被腺毛,内面密被柔毛;花瓣粉红色,倒卵形,先端微凹,基部宽楔形,约与萼片等长或稍长;花柱被柔毛,短于雄蕊。果长圆形或卵球形,直径1-1.5厘米,亮红色,外面有腺毛,萼片直立宿存。
  产我国新疆。生灌木丛中,海拔1100-1400米。苏联西伯利亚及蒙古也有分布。
  本种与刺蔷薇R. acicularis Lindl.极为近似,惟后者小叶片较大,叶边全部为单锯齿,下面常有柔毛,花梗较长,光滑或有稀疏腺毛;果形较大,可以区别。由于本种花梗下有大形苞片,不应列入芹叶组。
  本种果实常密被腺毛,颇似腺果蔷薇R. fedtschenkoana Regel, 惟后者小枝散生皮刺,小叶稍小,叶边单锯齿,易于识别。
形态特征:小灌木,高1—2米;分枝开展,小枝红褐色,无毛;皮刺极多,直立,长短粗细不等,淡 黄色。小叶7--9,连叶柄长4—9厘米;小叶片长圆形或椭圆形,长1.5—2.5厘米,宽8— 17毫米,先端急尖或圆钝,基部近圆形或宽楔形,边缘有重锯齿,或不明显重锯齿,两面均 无毛,下面叶脉突起;小叶柄和叶轴无毛,有散生小皮刺和腺毛;托叶犬部贴生于叶柄,离 生部分披针形,先端急尖,全缘;边缘有腺毛;花单生;稀2--3朵集生;苞片卵形,先端长 尾尖,边缘有腺毛;花梗长1.5—2厘米,光滑或有腺毛;花直径2.5—3厘米;萼筒卵形或长 圆形,光滑或有散生腺毛;萼片披针形,先端扩展成叶状;全缘,外面密被腺毛,内面密被柔 毛;花瓣粉红色,倒卵形,先端微凹,基部宽楔形,约与萼片等长或稍长;花柱被柔毛,短于 雄蕊。果苌圆形或卵球形,直径1--1.5厘米;亮红色,外面有腺毛,萼片直立宿存。 产我国新疆。生灌木丛中,海拔1100--1400米。苏联西伯利亚及蒙古也有分布。 本种与刺蔷薇R.Acicularis Lindl.极为近似,惟后者小叶片较大。叶边全部为单锯 齿,下面常有柔毛,花梗较长,光滑或有稀疏腺毛;果形较大;可以区别。由于本种花梗下 有大形苞片,不应列入芹叶组。
本种提示:本种果实常密被腺毛,颇似腺果蔷薇R.fedtschenkoama Regel,惟后者小枝散生皮刺, 小叶稍小,叶边单锯齿,易于识别。
参考文献:Rosa oxyacantha M.Bieb.Fl.Taur.-Cauc.3:338.1819;Crep in Bull.Soc.Bot, Belg 14:9.1875.Saltem p.P;Juzep.Fl.URSS 10:450.1941,——.Rosa pimpinellifolia var.subalpina Bge.Ex M.Bieb.L.C.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Rosa oxyacantha  Marschall von Bieberstein
尖刺蔷薇   jian ci qiang wei
Rosa pimpinellifolia Linnaeus var. subalpina Bunge ex Marschall von Bieberstein.
Shrubs small, 1–2 m tall. Branchlets red-brown, glabrous; prickles numerous, yellowish, straight, unequally long and thick, abruptly tapering to broadened base. Leaves including petiole 4–9 cm; stipules mostly adnate to petiole, free parts lanceolate, margin entire, glandular-pubescent, apex acute; rachis and petiole sparsely shortly prickly, glandular-pubescent; leaflets 7–9, oblong or elliptic, 1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.7 cm, glabrous, abaxially with prominent veins, base subrounded or broadly cuneate, margin doubly serrate, apex acute or rounded-obtuse. Flowers solitary, rarely 2 or 3 and fasciculate, 2.5–3 cm in diam.; pedicel 1.5–2 cm, glabrous or glandular-pubescent; bracts ovate, margin glandular-pubescent, apex long caudate. Hypanthium ovoid or oblong, glabrous or sparsely stipitate glandular. Sepals 5, lanceolate, leaflike, abaxially densely glandular-pubescent, adaxially densely pubescent, margin entire. Petals 5, pink, obovate, base broadly cuneate, apex emarginate. Styles shorter than stamens, pubescent. Hip bright-red, oblong or ovoid, 1–1.5 cm in diam., glabrous or sparsely stipitate glandular, with persistent, erect sepals. Fl. Jun–Jul, fr. Jul–Sep.
Scrub; 1100--1400 m. Xinjiang [Mongolia, Russia (Siberia)].
One of us (Robertson) has seen no specimens of this species.

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