美花石斛Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe

别名：小环草;粉石斛;幡龙石斛兰;美花石槲;大金钗;黄草;金钗草;小黄草;细黄草;粉花石斛;环草石斛;

科名：兰科 Orchidaceae

属名：石斛属 Dendrobium

《中国植物志》第19卷104页
  31. 美花石斛（中国高等植物图鉴）粉花石斛（中药志）图版15: 2
  Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 2: 155, 786. 1887, et in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 12. 1903; Kraenzl. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 45 (IV. 50, II. B. 21): 29. 1910; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 212. 1919; S. Y. Hu in Quart, J. Taiwan Mus. 26 (1, 2): 157. 1973; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 698. 图8225.1976; 海南植物志4: 224. 1977; Z. H. Tsi in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (4): 443.1980; Averyanov, Vasc. Pl. Syn. Vietnam. Fl. 1: 68. 1990; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 114: 232, fig. 147. 1992; Averyanov, Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch.: 192. 1994; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 291. 1995; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China: 79, pl. 96. 1997; 中国兰花全书: 168. 图6-13 (6). 1998.——D. pulchellum auct. non. Roxb. ex Lindl.: Lindl., Bot. Cab. 2, t. 1935. 1833; Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. 84: t. 5037. 1858.——D. loddigesii Rolfe var. album T. Tang et F. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. 1 (1): 41, 81. 1951.
  茎柔弱，常下垂，细圆柱形，长10-45厘米，粗约3毫米，有时分枝，具多节；节间长1.5-2厘米，干后金黄色。叶纸质，二列，互生于整个茎上，舌形，长圆状披针形或稍斜长圆形，通常长2-4厘米，宽1-1.3厘米，先端锐尖而稍钩转，基部具鞘，干后上表面的叶脉隆起呈网格状；叶鞘膜质，干后鞘口常张开。花白色或紫红色，每束1-2朵侧生于具叶的老茎上部；花序柄长2-3毫米，基部被1-2枚短的、杯状膜质鞘；花苞片膜质，卵形，长约2毫米，先端钝；花梗和子房淡绿色，长2-3厘米；中萼片卵状长圆形，长1.7-2厘米，宽约7毫米，先端锐尖，具5条脉；侧萼片披针形，长1.7-2厘米，宽6-7毫米，先端急尖，基部歪斜，具5条脉；萼囊近球形，长约5毫米；花瓣椭圆形，与中萼片等长，宽8-9毫米，先端稍钝，全缘，具3-5条脉；唇瓣近圆形，直径1.7-2厘米，上面中央金黄色，周边淡紫红色，稍凹的，边缘具短流苏，两面密布短柔毛；蕊柱白色，正面两侧具红色条纹，长约4毫米；药帽白色，近圆锥形，密布细乳突状毛，前端边缘具不整齐的齿。花期4-5月。
  产广西（那坡、融水、凌云、龙州、永福、东兰、靖西、隆林等地）、广东南部（罗浮山）、海南（白沙）、贵州西南部（罗甸、兴义、关岭）、云南南部（思茅、勐腊）。生于海拔400-1500米的山地林中树干上或林下岩石上。分布于老挝、越南。模式标本采自广东（罗浮山）。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium loddigesii  Rolfe Gard. Chron., ser. 3,. 2: 155. 1887.
美花石斛   mei hua shi hu
Callista loddigesii (Rolfe) Kuntze; Dendrobium loddigesii var. album Tang & F. T. Wang.
Stems often pendulous, cylindric, 10-45 cm, slender, ca. 3 mm in diam., soft, sometimes branched, with many nodes, internodes 1.5-2 cm, golden yellow when dry. Leaves alternate along entire stem, ligulate, oblong-lanceolate, or slightly obliquely oblong, usually 2-4 × 1-1.3 cm, leathery, base sheathing, apex acute and slightly hooked; leaf sheath membranous, veins raised into a lattice when dry; sheath mouth often open when dry. Inflorescence lateral on upper part of old leafy stem, 1- or 2-flowered; peduncle 2-3 mm; basal sheaths 1 or 2, cupular, short, membranous; floral bracts ovate, ca. 2 mm, membranous, apex obtuse. Pedicel and ovary 2-3 cm. Flowers pale pink or purplish red, adaxial surface of lip golden yellow at center, pale purplish red on edge, column white, front lateral sides with red stripes, anther cap white. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, 17-20 × ca. 7 mm, 5-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals lanceolate, 17-20 × 6-7(or more) mm, 5-veined, base oblique, apex acute; mentum subglobose, ca. 5 mm. Petals elliptic, ca. as long as dorsal sepal, 8-9(or more) mm, 3-5-veined, margin entire, apex slightly obtuse; lip suborbicular, 17-20 mm in diam., both surfaces densely pubescent, margin shortly fimbriate, apex emarginate. Column ca. 4 mm; anther cap subconic, densely finely papillate-hairy, front margin irregularly dentate.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in mountain forests, lithophytic on rocks in forests; 400-1500 m. Guangdong (Hong Kong, Luofu Shan), Guangxi, SW Guizhou, Hainan (Baisha), S Yunnan (Mengla, Simao) [Laos, N Vietnam].