高山石斛Dendrobium infundibulum Lindl
别名:
科名:兰科 Orchidaceae
属名:石斛属 Dendrobium
《中国植物志》第19卷131页
58. 高山石斛(植物分类学报)
Dendrobium infundibulum Lindl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3: 16. 1859; Batemann in Gard. Chron.: 1194. 1862; Hook in Bot. Mag. 90: 5446. 1864; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 721. 1890; Kraenzl. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 45 (IV. 50, II. B. 21): 94. 1910; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 117, fig. 72. 1985, et l. c. 114: 215. 1992; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 291. 1995; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China: 78, pl. 93. 1997; 中国兰花全书: 166. 图6-12 (8). 1998.
茎质地坚硬,圆柱形,上下等粗,长12-60厘米,粗4-7毫米,不分枝,具多个节,节间长3-5厘米,具纵条棱。叶数至10余枚,二列互生于中部以上的茎上,革质,长圆形,长5-8厘米,宽1.2-2.3厘米,先端钝并且稍不等侧2裂,基部下延为抱茎的鞘,幼时在下面被黑色硬毛,叶鞘亦密被黑色硬毛。总状花序出自具叶的茎顶端,具1-2朵花;花序柄短,长约5毫米,基部被3-4枚、宽卵形、长5-10毫米的鞘;花苞卵状三角形,长7-13毫米,宽6-7毫米,先端锐尖,下面密被黑色硬毛;花梗和子房长3-4厘米;花除唇盘基部橘红色外,均为白色,开展;中萼片长圆形,长2.5-3厘米,宽7-10毫米,先端急尖,具5-6条脉;侧萼片斜披针形,上侧边缘与中萼片等长,下侧边缘长4-5厘米,宽8-11毫米,先端急尖,具7-8条脉;萼囊狭长,劲直,呈角状,长约2.5厘米;花瓣倒卵形,长2.5-3.7厘米,宽1.2-2.2厘米,先端圆钝并且具短尖,具7-8条脉;唇瓣长3.5厘米,3裂;侧裂片倒卵形,围抱蕊柱,前端边缘稍波状;中裂片近圆形,比两侧裂片先端之间的宽小得多,宽1.1-1.5厘米,先端2裂,边缘具不整齐的锯齿;唇盘从唇瓣基部至中裂片基部具4-5条并行的小龙骨脊;蕊柱长约6毫米,具长约2毫米的三角形的蕊柱齿;药帽近半球形,前端边缘具细齿,顶端稍凹的。花期8-11月。
产云南南部(勐腊、景洪)。生于海拔约2000米的密林中树干上。分布于印度东北部、缅甸、泰国、老挝。模式标本采自缅甸。
形态特征:茎质地坚硬,圆柱形,上下等粗,长12—60厘米,粗4—7毫米,不分枝,具多个 节,节间长3—5厘米,具纵条棱。叶数至10余枚,二列互生于中部以上的茎上,革 质,长圆形,长5—8厘米,宽1.2—2.3厘米,先端钝并且稍不等侧2裂,基部下延为 抱茎的鞘,幼时在下面被黑色硬毛,叶·鞘亦密被黑色硬毛。总状花序出自具叶的茎顶 端,具1—2朵花;花序柄短,长约5毫米,基部被3—4枚、宽卵形、长5—10毫米的 鞘;花苞卵状三角形,长7—13毫米,宽6—7毫米,先端锐尖,下面密被黑色硬毛; 花梗和子房长3—4厘米;花除唇盘基部橘红色外,均为白色,开展;中萼片长圆形, 长2.5—3厘米,宽7—10毫米,先端急尖,具5—6条脉;侧萼片斜披针形,上侧边缘 与中萼片等长,下侧边缘氏4—5厘米,宽8—11毫米,先端急尖,具7—8条脉;萼囊 狭长,劲直,呈角状,长约2.5厘米;花瓣倒卵形,长2.5—3.7厘米,宽1.2—2.2厘 米,先端圆钝并且具短尖,具7—8条脉;唇瓣长3.5厘米,3裂;侧裂片倒卵形,围 抱蕊柱,前端边缘稍波状;中裂片近圆形,比两侧裂片先端之间的宽小得多,宽1.1— 1.5厘米,先端2裂,边缘具不整齐的锯齿;唇盘从唇瓣基部至中裂片基部具4—5条 并行的小龙骨脊;蕊柱长约6毫米,具长约2毫米的三角形的蕊柱齿;药帽近半球形, 前端边缘具细齿,顶端稍凹的。 花期8—11月。
产地分布:产云南南部(勐腊、景洪)。生于海拔约2000米的密林中树干上。分布于印度东北 部、缅甸、泰国、老挝。模式标本采自缅甸。
参考文献:Dendrobium infundibulum Lindl.In J.Linn.Soc.Bot.3:16.1859;Batemann in Gard.Chron.:1194.1862;Hook in Bot.Mag.90:5446.1864;Hook.F,F1. Brit.Ind.5:721.1890;Kraenzl.In Engler,Pflanzenr.45(IV.50,II.B.21): 94.1910;Seidenf.In Opera Bot.83:117,fig.72,1985,et l.C.114:215,1992; Z.H.Tsi et S.C.Chen in Acta Phytotax.Sin.33(3):291. 1995;Z.H.Tsi,S. C.Chen et K.Mori,Wild Orch.China:78,pl.93.1997;中国兰花全书:166.图 6——12(8).1998.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium wattii (J. D. Hooker) H. G. Reichenbach Gard. Chron., ser. 3,. 4: 725. 1888.
高山石斛 gao shan shi hu
Dendrobium cariniferum H. G. Reichenbach var. wattii J. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 109: ad t. 6715. 1883; Callista wattii (J. D. Hooker) Kuntze.
Stems sometimes curved, cylindric, equally thick above and below, 12-60 cm, 4-9 mm in diam., rigid, unbranched, with many nodes, internodes 3-5 cm, with longitudinal ribs. Leaves several to 10, along middle and upper part of stem, oblong, 5-9 × 1-2 cm, leathery, abaxially black hirsute when young, base decurrent forming clasping sheaths, apex obtuse and slightly unequally 2-lobed; leaf sheath densely black hirsute. Inflorescence apical on leafy stem, 1- or 2-flowered; peduncle ca. 5 mm; basal sheaths 3 or 4, broadly ovate, 5-10 mm; floral bracts triangular, 7-13 × 6-7(or more) mm, abaxially with dense black rigid hairs, apex acute. Pedicel and ovary 3-4 cm. Flowers spreading, usually less than 3 cm in diam., white, lip with yellow veins on lateral lobes, disk with a yellow patch. Dorsal sepal oblong, ca. 24 × 7-10(or more) mm, 5- or 6-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals obliquely lanceolate, upper margin ca. as long as dorsal sepal, lower margin 40-50 × 8-11(or more) mm, 7- or 8-veined, apex acute; mentum long and narrow, straight, ca. 25 mm, forming spur. Petals oblanceolate, ca. 40 × 32 mm, 7- or 8-veined, bluntly rounded and mucronate; lip ca. 35 mm, less than 30 mm wide across lateral lobes when flattened; lateral lobes obovate, embracing column, front margin slightly undulate; mid-lobe orbicular, 11-15 mm wide, margin irregularly serrate, truncate, usually minutely mucronate, with only an indistinct sinus; disk with a broad median callus splitting into 4 or 5 parallel small keeled ridges extending from base of lip to base of mid-lobe. Column ca. 6 mm; teeth triangular, ca. 2 mm; anther cap subspherical, front margin denticulate, apex slightly concave.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in dense forests; ca. 2000 m. S Yunnan (Jinghong, Mengla) [NE India, Myanmar, N Thailand, Vietnam].
This species has been misidentified as Dendrobium infundibulum Lindley (e.g., in FRPS 19: 131. 1999), which was originally described from Myanmar (Moulmein).This species has been misidentified as Dendrobium infundibulum Lindley (e.g., in FRPS 19: 131. 1999), which was originally described from Myanmar (Moulmein).
- 闂傚倷绶氬ḿ褍螞濡ゅ懏鏅濋柨婵嗘穿婵櫕銇勯弽顐粶缁绢厸鍋撴繝寰锋澘鈧挾娆㈤垾婢勶絾绻濆顓炰哗濠殿喗岣块崢褎绂嶉幇鐗堢厓鐟滄粓宕滃顒夋綎濠电姵鑹鹃弸渚€鏌熼幑鎰靛殭缂佺姵鍨甸湁闁挎繂顦藉Λ鎴︽煟閻旀潙鐏查柡宀嬬秮婵偓闁靛繒濮甸悘浣圭節閳封偓閸愨晛浠撮悗瑙勬礈閸忔﹢鐛澶樻晩闁芥ê顦崑鎾绘倷閻戞ê浠┑鐐叉閻熝呯矓椤掍降浜滈柡鍥ㄨ壘瀹撳棗鈹戦垾鎰佸殶闁逞屽墾缂嶅棙绂嶅⿰鍐冩帗寰勯幇顓犲幗濠德板€愰崑鎾绘煟濡ゅ啫浠ф俊鍙夊姇閳规垿宕煎⿰鍕闂備礁鎼ú銊︽叏鐎靛摜涓嶆繛鎴炵懁缁诲棝鏌i幇顖氱毢閸熺ǹ顪冮妶搴′壕缂佺姵鎹囬獮鍐ㄧ暦閸ワ絽浜鹃柨婵嗙凹缁ㄨ偐绱掗崒姘悙妞ゎ偅顨婂畷鐔碱敃閿濆懏顏犲┑鐘愁問閸n垶骞忛敓锟� [03-15]
- 濠电姷鏁搁崑娑㈠蓟瀹€鍕妞ゆ劑鍊曢幖绋库攽閻愭潙鐏﹂柟姝屽吹閸掓帞浠﹂悾灞炬闂佽法鍠撴慨鐢告倿妤e啯鐓忓┑鐐茬仢閸旀氨绱掗崣澶嬨仢闁哄矉绲介オ浼村礋椤掑倸鍤掗梻浣姐€€閸嬫挻銇勮箛鎾村偍濞存粌缍婇弻鏇$疀鐎n亞鍔村┑鐐跺亹婵炩偓闁哄矉绻濆畷鎺戔槈濞嗘垵鍤掗梻浣规た閸嬪懘鏁冮姀銈呭瀭濡わ絽鍟Λ姗€鎮跺☉鎺嗗亾閸忓懎顥氶梻浣告惈閸婃悂鎮樺┑鍡欐殾闁靛鏅滈埛鎴︽煙缂佹ê绗氶柛鐐差槸閳规垿顢欓悾灞筋潷闂侀潧鐗嗗﹢閬嶅箯閻樼粯鍤戞い鎺嶇婢э拷 [03-15]
- 闂傚倷鑳堕崕鐢稿疾濠靛纾婚柟鍓х帛閸嬪倿鏌熺紒銏犳灈閻庢艾顦甸弻鏇熺箾閸喖濮庡銈嗘肠閸ャ劎鍘藉銈嗘尨閸撴繈鎮甸鍡樺枑闂侇叏绠戦弸銈囩磼椤旇偐澧﹂柟顔界矊铻i柤娴嬫櫇閸樻姊绘担鍛婂暈妞ゃ劌妫濋妴鍐川椤撱劏鈧潡鏌熺紒銏犳灈缂佲偓瀹€鍕厽闁瑰鍊栭幋鐘电焿闁割偁鍎查悡娆撴煛鐎i潧浜滈柛鏃€绮嶇换婵嬪焵椤掍胶鐟归柍褜鍓欓锝夊箻椤旇偐楠囬梺鐟邦嚟婵兘寮冲☉銏$厽闁绘劖娼欓幖鎼佹煕婵犲喚娈旈柍缁樻崌楠炲鏁傞挊澶嗗亾缂佹ǜ浜滈柟鎹愭硾娴犙囨煛娴i潧濡藉ǎ鍥э躬閹瑩鎳犻顐犲劜閵囧嫰顢曢浣割伓 [03-15]
- 濠电姷顣槐鏇㈠磻濞戞氨鐭撻柤绋跨仛濞呯娀鏌涜椤ㄥ懐绮堝畝鍕厸鐎广儱楠告禍鐐烘煕濞嗘挾鐣洪柡宀€鍠庣叅閻犲洦褰冪粻濠氭⒑闂堟稒澶勭痪鏉跨Ф缁瑦寰勬繛鎯х墯闂侀€炲苯澧伴柤娲憾瀹曠兘顢橀悢鍛婎唶闂備礁鎲$缓鍧楀磿閹绢喗鈷栫憸鐗堝笚閳锋帡鏌涢幇銊︽珕闁绘挶鍎抽幉鍛婂鐎靛摜鏆悗娈垮枤鏋摶鏍煕閺囥劌澧梻鍌ゅ灠閳规垿鎮╁▎蹇擃仼濠殿喖顦扮换娑㈠醇閻旈浼岄悗娈垮櫘閸o絽鐣峰⿰鍕闁告瑥顦板▍鍫ユ煟鎼淬埄鍟忛柛鐘崇墵瀹曟劙鎸婃径妯烘櫊濠电娀娼ч鍛不閹达附鐓ラ柣鏇炲€圭€氾拷 [03-15]
- 闂傚倷绀侀幖顐︻敄閸曨厾鐭嗗〒姘e亾闁诡垰鍟撮、妤呭磼濠婂懐鍘犻柣搴$畭閸庡崬煤閵堝鐭楅柛鎰靛枟閳锋垿鏌熺紒妯虹瑲闁圭櫢缍侀弻鈩冩媴鐟欏嫬纰嶅銈庝簻閸燁偊顢樻總绋跨倞鐟滃骞愰崨顔荤箚闁绘劙顤傞崵鍐煕閹惧鎳囩€规洩缍€椤﹁顨ラ悙鏌ュ弰濠碉紕鍏橀弫鍌炲矗椤愶絽鍝洪柡灞剧洴閺佸倿宕崟顐€存繝纰樺墲瑜板啴骞婂Ο渚殨闁绘鐗婇崕鐔兼煏韫囧﹥娅嗘禍娑㈡⒒娴h櫣甯涢柕鍥ㄧ洴瀵彃鈽夊Ο蹇旀そ椤㈡稑鈽夊畷鍥╋紴闂備礁鎼粙渚€鎮¢崼銉ョ;鐟滃繘鍩€椤掍緡鍟忛柛鐘冲浮瀹曟垿骞樼紒妯煎幘闂佺粯鑹鹃悺銊р偓姘炬嫹 [03-15]
- 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佹偋婵犲嫭鏆滈柣鏃囧仱濞戞矮娌紓浣靛灪閻h鈹戦埥鍡楃仩闁圭⒈鍋婂顒冾樄闁哄本鐩弫鍌炴寠婢舵ǚ鍋撳⿰鍫熺厪闁糕剝顨呴埀顒€鐏濋悾宄拔熸笟顖氭倯闂佺硶鍓濋〃鍡欑礊婢舵劖鈷戦柛婵嗗閳ь剛鎳撻…鍨潨閳ь剟骞嗛崼銉︽櫢闁跨噦鎷� [03-15]
- 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佹偋婵犲嫭鏆滈柣鏃囧仱濞戞矮娌紓浣靛灪閻h鈹戦埥鍡楃仩闁圭⒈鍋婂顒冾樄闁哄本绋戦埢搴ㄥ箛椤掑倷鎮f俊銈囧Х閸嬫稑煤閿斿墽鐭欏鑸靛姇鍥撮梺鎼炲劥閸╂牜绱為幒妤佲拺闁告稑锕ょ粭姘繆閻愭壆鐭欐鐐搭殜閺屽棗顓奸崱妤佺暚闂備焦鍎冲ù姘跺磻閸涘瓨鍋傞柍褜鍓熷铏圭磼濡晲绮堕梺鍝勬噺缁诲牓鏁愰悙鐑樻櫢闁跨噦鎷� [03-15]
- 闂備浇宕垫慨鎾敄閸愵喖鍨傞柛婵嗗珋濞戞鏃堝川椤撶姴鈧偤姊洪棃娑氱疄闁稿﹥鐗為·鍌炴⒒娴e憡鍟為柣鐕傜畵瀹曞綊鎮介悽闈涘触闂備礁鐏濋鎰枔濡や椒绻嗘い鏍ㄧ箓椤ュ秹鏌涢幘瀛樺€愰柡灞界Ч婵$兘鏁傞崜褏鍘旂紓鍌欑椤︻垶顢氶銏″剦妞ゅ繐娴傚Σ缁樼箾閺夋垵鎮戦柛鏃€鐟ラ悾宄拔旈埀顒勬偩閿熺姴绾ч悹鎭掑妽閳诲姊绘担鍝勪缓闁稿氦灏欓幑銏ゅ箛椤旂瓔娼熷┑鐘绘涧椤戝懐绮堟径鎰厓閺夌偞澹嗛ˇ锔姐亜椤愶絾顥堥柡灞剧洴閸╋繝宕熼澶夊摋婵$偑鍊戦崹褰掑箠濮椻偓楠炲棗顓兼径濠勭潉闂佺ǹ鏈〃鍡涘疾濞嗘挻鈷戦柛娑橈功閻﹪鏌i鐐测偓鍦矉閹烘绠涙い鎾跺剱閸ゃ倝姊虹紒妯忣亪骞栭锝囶浄婵犲﹤鎳愮壕鐓庮熆閼哥數鈯曢悗姘炬嫹 [03-15]