抱茎菝葜Smilax ocreata A. DC.
抱茎菝葜Smilax ocreata A. DC.
57.抱茎菝葜 图版75: 2
Smilax ocreata A. DC., Monogr. Phaner. 1: 191. 1878, non Levl. et V nt.; Norton in Pl. Wils.3: 11. 1916. ——S. perulata Levl. et Vnt. in Rep. Sp. Nov. Fedde 9: 78. 1910.——S. ovalifolia auct. non Roxb. : C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 100. 1903.——S. leucophylla auct. non Bl.: T. Koyama in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 13: 28. 1960, quoad pl. hainan.
攀援灌木。茎长可达7米,通常疏生刺。叶革质,卵形或椭圆形,长9-20厘米,宽4.5-15厘米,先端短渐尖,基部宽楔形至浅心形,下面淡绿色;叶柄长2-3.5厘米,基部两侧具耳状的鞘,有卷须,脱落点位于近中部;鞘外折或近直立,长约为叶柄的1/-1/3,宽5-20毫米(一侧),作穿茎状抱茎。圆锥花序长4-10厘米,具2-4(-7)个伞形花序,基部着生点的上方有一枚与叶柄相对的鳞片(先出叶);伞形花序单个着生,具10-30朵花;总花梗长2-3厘米,基部有一苞片;花序托膨大,近球形;花黄绿色,稍带淡红色;雄花外花被片条形,长5-6毫米,宽约1毫米;内花被片丝状,宽约0.5毫米;雄蕊高出花被片,长6-10毫米,下部的花丝约1/4合生成柱,花药狭卵形,长1-1.5毫米;雌花与雄花近等大,但外花被片比内花被片宽3-4倍,无退化雄蕊。浆果直径约8毫米,熟时暗红色,具粉霜。花期3-6月,果期7-10月。
产广东(西部至海南岛)、广西、四川(地点不详)、贵州(南部)和云南(南部)。生于海拔2200米以下的林中、灌丛下或阴湿的坡地、山谷中。也分布于越南、缅甸、尼泊尔、不丹、锡金和印度。
在国产种类中,叶鞘作穿茎状抱茎的,只有本种和穿鞘菝葜,很容易辨认。但有时鞘断落或残缺,可根据雄蕊比花被片长,雌花不具退化雄蕊,以及较大的圆锥花序等加以区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Smilax ocreata A. de Candolle
抱茎菝葜 bao jing ba qia
Smilax perulata H. Léveillé & Vaniot.
Vines climbing. Stem and branches usually woody, sparsely prickly. Petiole 2--3.5 cm, broadly winged for 1/3--1/2 its length; wings 0.5--2 cm wide, basally deeply clasping node; abscission zone at middle or distal; tendrils commonly developed. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 9--20 × 4.5--15 cm, leathery. Inflorescence a raceme of 2--4(--7) umbels, 4--10 cm, basally prophyllate; umbels of both sexes not grouped, 10--30-flowered, base thickened, subglobose. Male flowers: tepals yellowish green, tinged pink, 5--6 × 0.5--1 mm; stamens 6--10 mm; filaments basally connate, forming a column ca. 2 mm. Female flowers: inner tepals very narrow; staminodes absent. Berries dark red, globose, ca. 8 mm in diam. Fl. Mar--Jun, fr. Jul--Oct.
Forests, thickets, shaded and damp slopes along valleys; near sea level to 2200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, ?Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam].
别名:耳叶菝葜;九牛力;红土茯苓;卵叶菝葜;抱茎拨葜;
科名:百合科 Liliaceae
属名:菝葜属 Smilax
57.抱茎菝葜 图版75: 2
Smilax ocreata A. DC., Monogr. Phaner. 1: 191. 1878, non Levl. et V nt.; Norton in Pl. Wils.3: 11. 1916. ——S. perulata Levl. et Vnt. in Rep. Sp. Nov. Fedde 9: 78. 1910.——S. ovalifolia auct. non Roxb. : C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 100. 1903.——S. leucophylla auct. non Bl.: T. Koyama in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 13: 28. 1960, quoad pl. hainan.
攀援灌木。茎长可达7米,通常疏生刺。叶革质,卵形或椭圆形,长9-20厘米,宽4.5-15厘米,先端短渐尖,基部宽楔形至浅心形,下面淡绿色;叶柄长2-3.5厘米,基部两侧具耳状的鞘,有卷须,脱落点位于近中部;鞘外折或近直立,长约为叶柄的1/-1/3,宽5-20毫米(一侧),作穿茎状抱茎。圆锥花序长4-10厘米,具2-4(-7)个伞形花序,基部着生点的上方有一枚与叶柄相对的鳞片(先出叶);伞形花序单个着生,具10-30朵花;总花梗长2-3厘米,基部有一苞片;花序托膨大,近球形;花黄绿色,稍带淡红色;雄花外花被片条形,长5-6毫米,宽约1毫米;内花被片丝状,宽约0.5毫米;雄蕊高出花被片,长6-10毫米,下部的花丝约1/4合生成柱,花药狭卵形,长1-1.5毫米;雌花与雄花近等大,但外花被片比内花被片宽3-4倍,无退化雄蕊。浆果直径约8毫米,熟时暗红色,具粉霜。花期3-6月,果期7-10月。
产广东(西部至海南岛)、广西、四川(地点不详)、贵州(南部)和云南(南部)。生于海拔2200米以下的林中、灌丛下或阴湿的坡地、山谷中。也分布于越南、缅甸、尼泊尔、不丹、锡金和印度。
在国产种类中,叶鞘作穿茎状抱茎的,只有本种和穿鞘菝葜,很容易辨认。但有时鞘断落或残缺,可根据雄蕊比花被片长,雌花不具退化雄蕊,以及较大的圆锥花序等加以区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Smilax ocreata A. de Candolle
抱茎菝葜 bao jing ba qia
Smilax perulata H. Léveillé & Vaniot.
Vines climbing. Stem and branches usually woody, sparsely prickly. Petiole 2--3.5 cm, broadly winged for 1/3--1/2 its length; wings 0.5--2 cm wide, basally deeply clasping node; abscission zone at middle or distal; tendrils commonly developed. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 9--20 × 4.5--15 cm, leathery. Inflorescence a raceme of 2--4(--7) umbels, 4--10 cm, basally prophyllate; umbels of both sexes not grouped, 10--30-flowered, base thickened, subglobose. Male flowers: tepals yellowish green, tinged pink, 5--6 × 0.5--1 mm; stamens 6--10 mm; filaments basally connate, forming a column ca. 2 mm. Female flowers: inner tepals very narrow; staminodes absent. Berries dark red, globose, ca. 8 mm in diam. Fl. Mar--Jun, fr. Jul--Oct.
Forests, thickets, shaded and damp slopes along valleys; near sea level to 2200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, ?Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam].