小花地笋Lycopus parviflorus Maxim.
别名:小花地瓜苗;
科名:唇形科 Labiatae
属名:地笋属 Lycopus
《中国植物志》第66卷276页
1.小花地笋
Lycopus parviflorus Maxim. in Mem Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 216. 1859; Fr. Schmidt, Fl. Sachal. n. 353. 1868; Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop 25: 382. 1907; Tokubuchi in Miyabe-Festchr. 278. pl. 23, 24. 1911; Miyabe et Miya ke, Fl. Sachal. 361. 1915; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 82. 1929; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 381. 1939——Lycopus virginicus Linn. var. parviflorus(Maxim.)Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 11: 382. 1897; et in ibid. 12: 119. 1898; Koidz. in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 27: 105. 1910; Matsum. Ind. Pl. Jap. 2: 543. 1912; Matsum. & Kudo in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 26: 300. 1912——Lycopus virginicus auct. non Linn. : Herd. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 61: 132. 1885.
多年生草本;根茎横卧,呈纺锤形肥大,其上密生纤维状须根,近地表处生有线状具鳞叶的匍匐枝。茎直立,高25-40厘米,通常不分枝,钝四稜形,密被极短的微柔毛。叶具短柄,长圆状椭圆形,茎中部者最大,向茎两端变小,长3-5.5厘米,宽1.2-2.5厘米,先端锐尖,基部楔状渐狭,边缘有近于整齐的4-6锐锯齿,但茎基部叶有时全缘,草质,上面深绿色,下面较淡,两面近无毛或沿脉上略被极短的微柔毛,两面尤以下面均满布有浅黄色腺点,侧脉4-6对,与中脉两面均隆起。轮伞花序无梗,少花,具7-10花,不呈明显的圆球状,下承以长约1毫米边缘具缘毛的2-3枚线状披针形小苞片。花萼阔钟形,长约2毫米,外被短柔毛,萼齿5,卵圆形,长约0.75毫米,先端锐尖,具小缘毛,除一齿略小外其余均等大。花冠白色,长约2毫米,外被短柔毛,冠筒长约1毫米,冠檐不明显二唇形,上唇直立,下唇开裂,3裂。雄蕊略超出花冠。花柱略超出雄蕊,先端相等2浅裂。花盘平顶。成熟小坚果未见。花期7月。
产黑龙江,吉林;生于湿草地,海拔约600米。模式标本采自黑龙江。
形态特征:多年生草本;根茎横卧,呈纺锤形肥大,其上密生纤维状须根,近地表处生有线状具鳞叶的匍匐枝。茎直立,高25—40厘米,通常不分枝,钝四棱形,密被极短的微柔毛。叶具短柄,长圆状椭圆形,茎中部者最大,向茎两端变小,长3—5.5厘米,宽1.2—2.5厘米,先端锐尖,基部楔状渐狭,边缘有近于整齐的4—6锐锯齿,但茎基部叶有时全缘,草质,上面深绿色,下面较淡,两面近无毛或沿脉上略被极短的微柔毛,两面尤以下面均满布有浅黄色腺点,侧脉4—6对,与中脉两面均隆起。轮伞花序无梗,少花,具7—10花,不呈明显的圆球状,下承以长约1毫米边缘具缘毛的2—3枚线状披针形小苞片。花萼阔钟形,长约2毫米,外被短柔毛,萼齿5,卵圆形,长约0.75毫米,先端锐尖,具小缘毛,除一齿略小外其余均等大。花冠白色,长约2毫米,外被短柔毛,冠筒长约1毫米,冠檐不明显二唇形,上唇直立,下唇开裂,3裂。雄蕊略超出花冠。花柱略超出雄蕊,先端相等2浅裂。花盘平顶。成熟小坚果未见。花期7月。
产地分布:产黑龙江,吉林;生于湿草地,海拔约600米。模式标本采自黑龙江。
参考文献:LycopusparviflorusMaxim.inMemAcad.Sci.St.Petersb.Sav.Etrang.9:216.1859;Fr.Schmidt,Fl.Sachal.n.353.1868;KomarovinAct,Hort.Petrop25:382.1907;TokubuchiinMiyabe-Festchr.278.Pl.23,241911;MiyabeeCMiyake,Fl.Sachal.361.1915;KudoinMem.Fac.Sci.Agr.TaihokuUniv.2:82.1929;Kitagawa,Lineam.Fl.Mansh.381.1939——LycopusvirginicusLinn.var.parviflorus(Maxim.)MakinoinBot.Mag.Tokyo11:382.1897;etinibid.12:119.1898;Koidz.inJoum.Coll.SciUniv.Tokyo27:105.1910;Matsum.Ind.Pl.Jap.2:543.1912;Matsum.&KudoinBot.Mag.Tokyo26:300.1912——Lycopusvirginicusauct.LionLima.:Herd.inBull.Soc.Nat.Moscou61:132.1885
《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Lycopus parviflorus Maximowicz
小花地笋 xiao hua di sun
Lycopus virginicus Linnaeus var. parviflorus (Maximowicz) Makino.
Rhizomes fusiform, producing filiform stolons with scalelike leaves. Stems erect, 25-40 cm, usually unbranched, densely fine puberulent. Leaves short petiolate, oblong-elliptic, mid stem leaves largest, others 3-5.5 × 1.2-2.5 cm, subglabrous or veins sparsely fine puberulent, sparsely yellowish glandular, base cuneate-attenuate, margin ± 4-6-serrate or entire. Verticillasters 7-10-flowered, not distinctly globose, subtended by 2 or 3 bracteoles; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm, ciliate. Calyx ca. 2 mm, pubescent; teeth 5, ovate, ca. 0.8 mm, apex acute, ciliolate, 1 tooth slightly smaller. Corolla white, ca. 2 mm, pubescent, tube ca. 1 mm; limb obscurely 2-lipped, upper lip straight, lower lip spreading. Stamens slightly longer than corolla. Nutlets unknown. Fl. Jul.
* Wet grasslands; ca. 600 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin.