薰衣草Lavandula angustifolia Mill.

别名：西洋垃圾草;熏衣草;

科名：唇形科 Labiatae

属名：薰衣草属 Lavandula

《中国植物志》第65(2)卷249页
  1．薰衣草（种子植物名称补编）图版50：1-9
  Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Gard Dict ed. 8: no. 2. 1768——L. spica Linn. Sp. Pl. 572, 1753, exclud. β; Briq. Lab Alp Marit 3:464. 1895——L. vera DC. in Lam. et DC Fl. France 5: 398. 1815.
  半灌木或矮灌木，分枝，被星状绒毛，在幼嫩部分较密；老枝灰褐色或暗褐色，皮层作条状剥落，具有长的花枝及短的更新枝。叶线形或披针状线形，在花枝上的叶较大，疏离，长3-5厘米，宽0.3-0.5厘米，被密的或疏的灰色星状绒毛，干时灰白色或橄绿色，在更新枝上的叶小，簇生，长不超过1.7厘米，宽约0.2厘米，密被灰白色星状绒毛，干时灰白色，均先端钝，基部渐狭成极短柄，全缘，边缘外卷，中脉在下面隆起，侧脉及网脉不明显。轮伞花序通常具6-10花，多数，在枝顶聚集成间断或近连续的穗状花序，穗状花序长约3（5）厘米，花序梗长约为花序本身3倍，密被星状绒毛；苞片菱状卵圆形，先端渐尖成钻状，具5-7脉，干时常带锈色，被星状绒毛，小苞片不明显；花具短梗，蓝色，密被灰色、分枝或不分枝绒毛。花萼卵状管形或近管形，长4-5毫米，13脉，内面近无毛，二唇形，上唇1齿较宽而长，下唇具4短齿，齿相等而明显。花冠长约为花萼的2倍，具13条脉纹，外面被与花萼同一毛被，但基部近无毛，内面在喉部及冠檐部分被腺状毛，中部具毛环，冠檐二唇形，上唇直伸，2裂，裂片较大，圆形，且彼此稍重叠，下唇开展，3裂，裂片较小。雄蕊4，着生在毛环上方，不外伸，前对较长，花丝扁平，无毛，花药被毛。花柱被毛，在先端压扁，卵圆形。花盘4浅裂，裂片与子房裂片对生。小坚果4，光滑。花期6月。
  原产地中海地区；我国已有栽培，为一种观赏及芳香油植物。
  花中含芳香油，油是调制化妆品、皂用香精的重要原料，尤为棕榄型香皂及花露水香精中的主要原料。鲜花含油率0.8％，干花含油率1.5％左右，精油主要成分为乙酸芳樟醇、丁酸芳樟醉及香荳素。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Lavandula angustifolia  Miller
薰衣草   xun yi cao
Lavandula spicata Linnaeus; L. vera de Candolle.
Shrubs dwarf, stellate tomentose. Branches gray-brown to dark brown, with long flowering and short leafy shoots, bark longitudinally exfoliating. Leaves widely spaced on flowering shoots, clustered on leafy shoots, linear to lanceolate-linear, 3-5 cm × 3-5 mm on flowering shoots, less than ca. 17 × 2 mm on leafy shoots, gray stellate tomentose, base attenuate to a very short petiole, margin entire and revolute, apex obtuse. Verticillasters 6-10-flowered, numerous, in crowded, interrupted or ± continuous spikes ca. 3(-5) cm; peduncle ca. 3 × as long as spike; bracts rust colored when dry, rhombic-ovate or acuminate-subulate; bracteoles indistinct. Pedicel short. Calyx ovoid-tubular to subtubular, 4-5 mm, 13-veined, densely gray stellate tomentose outside; upper lip entire, lower lip equally 4-toothed. Corolla blue, 8-10 mm, 13-veined, densely tomentose outside, base subglabrous, throat and limb glandular hairy, puberulent annulate inside; upper lip straight, with lobes circular and slightly overlapping; lower lip spreading. Nutlets 4, smooth. Fl. Jun.
Cultivated as an ornamental and aromatic plant in China [Africa, Europe].