栏目

短柄吊球草Hyptis brevipes Poit.

短柄吊球草Hyptis brevipes Poit.

别名:短柄香苦草;短柄吊球花;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:山香属 Hyptis

《中国植物志》第66卷409页
  3. 短柄吊球草
  Hyptis brevipes Poit. in Ann. Mus. Paris 7: 465. 1806; Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 105. 1833; et in DC. Pradr. 12: 107 1848; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 959. 1858; Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 630. 1885; Prain in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 74(2): 704. 1907; Matsum. & Kudo in Rot. Mag. Tokyo 26: 301 1912; Merr. Enum. Philip. 3: 416. 1923; Ridley, Fl. Mal. Pen. 2: 645 1923; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 149. 1929; Mukerj. in Rec. Surv Ind. 14(1): 62. 1940; Back. & Bakh. f. Fl.Java 2: 634. 1965; H. Keng in Gard. Bull. Singapore 24: 90. 1969——Mesosphaerum brevipes(Poit. )O. Ktze. in Rev. Gen. Pl. 525. 1891.
  一年生、直立草本。茎高50-100厘米,四稜形,具槽,沿棱上被贴生上向疏柔毛。叶卵状长圆形或披针形,长5-7厘米,宽1.5-2厘米,上部的较小,先端渐尖,基部狭楔形,边缘锯齿状,纸质,上面榄绿色,下面较淡,两面均被具节疏柔毛;叶柄长约0.5厘米,被疏柔毛。头状花序腋生,直径约1厘米,具梗,总梗长0.5-1.6厘米,密被贴生疏柔毛;苞片披针形或钻形,长4-6毫米,全缘,具缘毛。花萼长2.5-3毫米,宽约1.5毫米,果时增大,但仍为近钟形,外面被短硬毛,萼齿5,长约占花萼长之半,锥尖,直伸,具疏生缘毛。花冠白色,长约3.5毫米,外被微柔毛,冠筒基部宽约0.5毫米,向上渐宽,至喉部宽至1毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇短,长约0.5毫米,2圆裂,裂片圆形,外反,下唇3裂,中裂片较大,凹陷,圆形,长约1毫米,基部收缩,下弯,侧裂片较小,三角形,外反。雄蕊4,下倾,插生于花冠喉部,略伸出。花柱先端略粗,2浅裂。花盘阔环形。子房裂片球形,无毛。小坚果卵珠形,长约1毫米,宽不及0.5毫米,腹面具稜,深褐色,基部具二白色着生点。
  产台湾及广东海南;生于低海拔开旷荒地。原产墨西哥,现成为全热带杂草。
形态特征:一年生、直立草本。茎高50—100厘米,四棱形,具槽,沿棱上被贴生上向疏柔毛。叶卵状长圆形或披针形,长5—7厘米,宽1.5—2厘米,上部的较小,先端渐尖,基部狭楔形,边缘锯齿状,纸质,上面榄绿色,下面较淡,两面均被具节疏柔毛;叶柄长约0.5厘米,被疏柔毛。头状花序腋生,直径约1厘米,具梗,总梗长0.5—1.6厘米,密被贴生疏柔毛;苞片披针形或钻形,长4—6毫米,全缘,具缘毛。花萼长2.5—3毫米,宽约1.5毫米,果时增大,但仍为近钟形,外面被短硬毛,萼齿5,长约占花萼长之半,锥尖,直伸,具疏生缘毛。花冠白色,长约3.5毫米,外被微柔毛,冠筒基部宽约0.5毫米,向上渐宽,至喉部宽至1毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇短,长约0.5毫米,2圆裂,裂片圆形,外反,下唇3裂,中裂片较大,凹陷,圆形,长约1毫米,基部收缩,下弯,侧裂片较小,三角形,外反。雄蕊4,下倾,插生于花冠喉部,略伸出。花柱先端略粗,2浅裂。花盘阔环形。子房裂片球形,无毛。小坚果卵珠形,长约1毫米,宽不及0.5毫米,腹面具棱,深褐色,基部具二白色着生点。
产地分布:产台湾及广东海南;生于低海拔开旷荒地。原产墨西哥,现成为全热带杂草。
参考文献:HyptisbrevipesPoit.inAnn.Mus.Paris7:465.1806;Benth.Labiat.Gen.etSp.105.1833;etinDC.Prodr.12:1071848;Miq.Fl.Ind.Bat.2:959,1858:Hook.f.Fl.Brit.Ind.4:630.1885;PraininJourn.Asiat.Soc.Bengal74(2):704.1907;Matsum.&KudoinBot.Mag.Tokyo26:3011912;Merr.Enum.Philip.3:416.1923;Ridley,Fl.Mal.Pen.2:6451923;KudoinMem.Fac.SciAgr.TaihokuUniv.2:149.1929;Mukerj.inRec.SurvInd,14(1):62.1940;Back.&Bakh.f.Fl.Java2:634.1965:H.KenginGard.Bull.Singapore24:90.1969——Mesosphaerumbrevipes(Poit.)O.Ktze.inRev.Gen.Pl.525.1891。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Hyptis brevipes  Poiteau
短柄吊球草   duan bing diao qiu cao
Mesosphaerum brevipes (Poiteau) Kuntze.
Herbs erect, annual. Stems 50-100 cm, angles appressed pilose. Petiole ca. 5 mm; leaf blade ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 5-7 × 1.5-2 cm, adaxially olive green, abaxially greenish, pilose, base narrowly cuneate, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Capitula axillary, ca. 1 cm in diam.; peduncle 0.5-1.6 cm, densely appressed pilose; bracts lanceolate to subulate, 4-6 mm, margin entire. Calyx subcampanulate, 2.5-3 × ca. 1.5 mm, minutely hispid; teeth as long as tube, apex subulate; fruiting calyx dilated. Corolla white, ca. 3.5 mm, puberulent, throat to 1 mm wide; upper lip ca. 0.5 mm, lobes circular, reflexed; middle lobe of lower lip larger, concave, circular, ca. 1 mm, constricted at base, recurved; lateral lobes triangular, reflexed. Stamens slightly exserted. Nutlets dark brown, ovoid, ca. 1 × less than 0.5 mm, adaxially ribbed, with 2 basal white scars.
Open waste areas at low elevations. Hainan, Taiwan [North America, widespread tropical weed].

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