粗根鸢尾Iris tigridia Bunge
粗根鸢尾Iris tigridia Bunge
58. 粗根鸢尾（东北植物检索表）拟虎鸢尾（中国植物学杂志）粗根马莲（东北）图版62: 3-4
Iris tigridia Bunge in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 1: 60. 1829; Ledeb. Icon. Pl. Ross. t. 342. 1833; Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 26: 530. 1880; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 85. 1903; Dykes, Gen. Iris 153. 1913; B. Fedtsch. in Kom. Fl. URSS 4: 549. 1935; 刘瑛, 中国植物学杂志3(2): 947. 1936; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 149. 1939; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 575. 1976. p. p.
多年生草本，植株基部常有大量老叶叶鞘残留的纤维，不反卷，棕褐色。根状茎不明显，短而小，木质；须根肉质，直径3-4毫米，有皱缩的横纹，黄白色或黄褐色，顶端渐细，基部略粗，不分枝或少分枝；叶深绿色，有光泽，狭条形，花期叶长5-13厘米，宽1.5-2毫米，果期可长达30厘米，宽约3毫米，顶端长渐尖，基部鞘状，膜质，色较淡，无明显的中脉。花茎细，长2-4厘米，不伸出或略伸出地面；苞片2 枚，黄绿色，膜质，狭披针形，顶端短渐尖，内包含有1朵花；花蓝紫色，直径3.5-3.8厘米；花梗长约5毫米；花被管长约2厘米，上部逐渐变粗，外花被裂片狭倒卵形，长约3.5厘米，宽约1厘米，有紫褐色及白色的斑纹，爪部楔形，中脉上有黄色须毛状的附属物，内花被裂片倒披针形，长2.5-2.8厘米，宽4-5毫米，顶端微凹，花盛开时略向外倾斜；雄蕊长约1.5厘米；花柱分枝扁平，长约2.3厘米，顶端裂片狭三角形，子房绿色，狭纺锤形，长约1.2厘米。蒴果卵圆形或椭圆形，长3.5-4厘米，直径1.5-2厘米，果皮革质，顶端渐尖成喙，枯萎的花被宿存其上，成熟的果实只沿室背开裂至基部；种子棕褐色，梨形，有黄白色的附属物。花期5月，果期6-8月。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、山西。生于固定砂丘、砂质草原或干山坡上。也产于苏联、蒙古。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Iris tigridia Bunge ex Ledebour
粗根鸢尾 cu gen yuan wei
Rhizomes very short. Roots thick, transversely wrinkled when dry. Leaves deep or grayish green, glossy, narrowly linear, 5--30 cm × 1.5--6 mm, midvein absent, base surrounded by dense, straight fibers, apex gradually narrowed, very acute. Flowering stems not or barely emerging above ground, or 10--20 cm, slender; spathes 2, yellowish green, membranous, 1-flowered. Flowers dark blue, violet, or light purple, 3.5--5 cm in diam.; pedicel ca. 5 mm. Perianth tube ca. 2 cm; outer segments darker mottled at margin, narrowly oblanceolate, 3--4 × 1--1.5 cm, beard of yellow hairs; inner segments flaring outward, oblanceolate, 2.5--2.8 × 0.4--0.7 cm, apex retuse. Stamens ca. 1.5 cm. Ovary ca. 1.2 cm. Style branches ca. 2.3 cm. Capsule narrowly ovoid, apex with persistent perianth tube. Seeds brown, pyriform, with yellowish white aril. Fl. May, fr. Jun--Aug.
Forest margins, dry hillsides, sandy grasslands, grasslands on sunny hillsides, dunes. Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan [Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia].
别名：粗梗鸢尾;粗跟鸢尾;燕子花;拟虎鸢尾;粗根马莲;巴嘎－查黑乐得格;巴格查黑勒达格;
科名：鸢尾科 Iridaceae
属名：鸢尾属 Iris
58. 粗根鸢尾（东北植物检索表）拟虎鸢尾（中国植物学杂志）粗根马莲（东北）图版62: 3-4
Iris tigridia Bunge in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 1: 60. 1829; Ledeb. Icon. Pl. Ross. t. 342. 1833; Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 26: 530. 1880; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 85. 1903; Dykes, Gen. Iris 153. 1913; B. Fedtsch. in Kom. Fl. URSS 4: 549. 1935; 刘瑛, 中国植物学杂志3(2): 947. 1936; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 149. 1939; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 575. 1976. p. p.
多年生草本，植株基部常有大量老叶叶鞘残留的纤维，不反卷，棕褐色。根状茎不明显，短而小，木质；须根肉质，直径3-4毫米，有皱缩的横纹，黄白色或黄褐色，顶端渐细，基部略粗，不分枝或少分枝；叶深绿色，有光泽，狭条形，花期叶长5-13厘米，宽1.5-2毫米，果期可长达30厘米，宽约3毫米，顶端长渐尖，基部鞘状，膜质，色较淡，无明显的中脉。花茎细，长2-4厘米，不伸出或略伸出地面；苞片2 枚，黄绿色，膜质，狭披针形，顶端短渐尖，内包含有1朵花；花蓝紫色，直径3.5-3.8厘米；花梗长约5毫米；花被管长约2厘米，上部逐渐变粗，外花被裂片狭倒卵形，长约3.5厘米，宽约1厘米，有紫褐色及白色的斑纹，爪部楔形，中脉上有黄色须毛状的附属物，内花被裂片倒披针形，长2.5-2.8厘米，宽4-5毫米，顶端微凹，花盛开时略向外倾斜；雄蕊长约1.5厘米；花柱分枝扁平，长约2.3厘米，顶端裂片狭三角形，子房绿色，狭纺锤形，长约1.2厘米。蒴果卵圆形或椭圆形，长3.5-4厘米，直径1.5-2厘米，果皮革质，顶端渐尖成喙，枯萎的花被宿存其上，成熟的果实只沿室背开裂至基部；种子棕褐色，梨形，有黄白色的附属物。花期5月，果期6-8月。
产黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、山西。生于固定砂丘、砂质草原或干山坡上。也产于苏联、蒙古。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Iris tigridia Bunge ex Ledebour
粗根鸢尾 cu gen yuan wei
Rhizomes very short. Roots thick, transversely wrinkled when dry. Leaves deep or grayish green, glossy, narrowly linear, 5--30 cm × 1.5--6 mm, midvein absent, base surrounded by dense, straight fibers, apex gradually narrowed, very acute. Flowering stems not or barely emerging above ground, or 10--20 cm, slender; spathes 2, yellowish green, membranous, 1-flowered. Flowers dark blue, violet, or light purple, 3.5--5 cm in diam.; pedicel ca. 5 mm. Perianth tube ca. 2 cm; outer segments darker mottled at margin, narrowly oblanceolate, 3--4 × 1--1.5 cm, beard of yellow hairs; inner segments flaring outward, oblanceolate, 2.5--2.8 × 0.4--0.7 cm, apex retuse. Stamens ca. 1.5 cm. Ovary ca. 1.2 cm. Style branches ca. 2.3 cm. Capsule narrowly ovoid, apex with persistent perianth tube. Seeds brown, pyriform, with yellowish white aril. Fl. May, fr. Jun--Aug.
Forest margins, dry hillsides, sandy grasslands, grasslands on sunny hillsides, dunes. Gansu, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan [Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia].
