瘤菅Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Hack.
瘤菅Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Hack.
1.瘤菅（植物研究）图版61：5；79：4
Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. in DC. Monogr, Phan 6: 669. 1889; Bor. Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 246. 1960; A. Cope in Nasir Fl. Pakist. 143:316. 1982. ——Anthistiria anathera Nees ex Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 402. 1855; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 215. 1896.——Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Anderss. in Nov. Acta R. Soc. Scient. Upsal. ser. 3. 2: 249. 1856.——Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Anderss. var. hirsuta Anderss. l. c, ——Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Anderss. var. glabrescens Anderss. l. c.——Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. var. hirsuta (Anderss. ) Hack. l. c. 6: 670. 1889.——Themeda anathera (Nees et Steud.) Hack. var. glabrescens (Anderss.) Hack. ibid.
多年生草本，具匍匐根茎。秆纤细，丛生，基部常膝曲，高30-120厘米。叶鞘疏松抱秆，光滑无毛或上部疏生瘤基毛；叶舌膜质，顶端不整齐撕裂，裂齿端具刺毛；叶片扁平，线形，长4-20厘米，宽2-4毫米，基部稍收狭，顶端渐尖，两面被瘤基长毛，主脉明显于背面凸出，边缘微内卷。伪圆锥花序生于纤细的秆顶和分枝顶，长5-10厘米，每节着生1-2托以舟形佛焰苞的总状花序，节部着生叶状佛焰苞，鞘部稍膨大，舟状，光滑无毛，顶端残存退化叶片，披针形，两面被瘤基毛。总状花序长约1厘米，其下舟状佛焰苞长1-1.5厘米，红褐色，无毛，花序柄纤细，常弯曲，无毛。总状花序常由9小穗组成，基部总苞状小穗对着生于不同水平面，每对中1具短柄，另1几无柄，同为披针形，雄性或中性；第一颖披针形，长5-8毫米，背部密生瘤基长毛，第二颖较第一颖短狭，近膜质，稃膜质；雄蕊3-0；上部2节为顶生3生小穗和1异性对。无柄小穗长圆形，长5-7毫米，背部稍压扁，第一颖被瘤基长毛，第二颖稍短于第一颖，无毛；第二外稃狭披针形，透明膜质，顶端具长1厘米左右的短芒；鳞被2，细小；雄蕊3；花柱分离，自小穗近中部伸出；柱头帚状．有柄小穗形似总苞状小穗，长6-8毫米，第一颖背部亦被瘤基长毛。花果期8-10月。
产于我国西藏；生于海拔1 500-3 000米的山坡林下、灌丛中。尼泊尔、印度、巴基斯坦和阿富汗等亦有分布。
本种的特征在文献中变异性大，但所见标本的总状花序仅长1厘米左右，无柄小穗具短芒，秆纤细，第一颖均被瘤基长毛等特征可与国内其它种相区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steudel) Hackel
瘤菅 liu jian
Anthistiria anathera Nees ex Steudel, Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 402. 1854; Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steudel) Andersson; A. anathera var. glabrescens Andersson; A. anathera var. hir-suta Andersson; Themeda anathera var. glabrescens (Andersson) Hackel; T. anathera var. hirsuta (Andersson) Hackel.
Perennial, with rhizomes. Culms densely tufted, slender, erect or ascending, 30–120 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous or loosely hairy; leaf blades narrow, 4–20 × 0.2–0.4 cm, scabrid, setose with scattered, long, tubercle-based hairs, apex filiform; ligule ca. 2 mm, margin ciliate. Compound panicle loose, open, branches ascending, bearing up to 5 small spathate racemes; spatheoles linear, 1–2 cm, glabrous; peduncle glabrous. Raceme composed of 1–3 spikelet pairs and a terminal triad above the involucre of 2 homogamous pairs. Homogamous spikelets arising at different levels, male or barren, 5–8 mm, lanceolate, sparsely to densely setose with tubercle-based bristles or sometimes glabrous. Sessile spikelet 5–7 mm; callus ca. 1 mm, obtuse; lower glume firmly herbaceous to subleathery, lightly dorsally compressed, puberulous or subglabrous to tuberculate-hairy; upper lemma narrowly lanceolate, awnless (rarely with reduced ca. 1 cm awn). Pedicelled spikelet 6–8 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct.
Mountain slopes, usually in forests; 1500–3000 m. Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Nepal, Pakistan].
This is a slender, Himalayan species similar to Themeda hookeri, but with a more western distribution. It has a more densely tufted habit than T. hookeri and can easily be distinguished by its more numerous, awnless, usually setose racemes of smaller spikelets.
别名：细菅草;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：菅属 Themeda
1.瘤菅（植物研究）图版61：5；79：4
Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. in DC. Monogr, Phan 6: 669. 1889; Bor. Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 246. 1960; A. Cope in Nasir Fl. Pakist. 143:316. 1982. ——Anthistiria anathera Nees ex Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 402. 1855; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 215. 1896.——Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Anderss. in Nov. Acta R. Soc. Scient. Upsal. ser. 3. 2: 249. 1856.——Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Anderss. var. hirsuta Anderss. l. c, ——Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Anderss. var. glabrescens Anderss. l. c.——Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. var. hirsuta (Anderss. ) Hack. l. c. 6: 670. 1889.——Themeda anathera (Nees et Steud.) Hack. var. glabrescens (Anderss.) Hack. ibid.
多年生草本，具匍匐根茎。秆纤细，丛生，基部常膝曲，高30-120厘米。叶鞘疏松抱秆，光滑无毛或上部疏生瘤基毛；叶舌膜质，顶端不整齐撕裂，裂齿端具刺毛；叶片扁平，线形，长4-20厘米，宽2-4毫米，基部稍收狭，顶端渐尖，两面被瘤基长毛，主脉明显于背面凸出，边缘微内卷。伪圆锥花序生于纤细的秆顶和分枝顶，长5-10厘米，每节着生1-2托以舟形佛焰苞的总状花序，节部着生叶状佛焰苞，鞘部稍膨大，舟状，光滑无毛，顶端残存退化叶片，披针形，两面被瘤基毛。总状花序长约1厘米，其下舟状佛焰苞长1-1.5厘米，红褐色，无毛，花序柄纤细，常弯曲，无毛。总状花序常由9小穗组成，基部总苞状小穗对着生于不同水平面，每对中1具短柄，另1几无柄，同为披针形，雄性或中性；第一颖披针形，长5-8毫米，背部密生瘤基长毛，第二颖较第一颖短狭，近膜质，稃膜质；雄蕊3-0；上部2节为顶生3生小穗和1异性对。无柄小穗长圆形，长5-7毫米，背部稍压扁，第一颖被瘤基长毛，第二颖稍短于第一颖，无毛；第二外稃狭披针形，透明膜质，顶端具长1厘米左右的短芒；鳞被2，细小；雄蕊3；花柱分离，自小穗近中部伸出；柱头帚状．有柄小穗形似总苞状小穗，长6-8毫米，第一颖背部亦被瘤基长毛。花果期8-10月。
产于我国西藏；生于海拔1 500-3 000米的山坡林下、灌丛中。尼泊尔、印度、巴基斯坦和阿富汗等亦有分布。
本种的特征在文献中变异性大，但所见标本的总状花序仅长1厘米左右，无柄小穗具短芒，秆纤细，第一颖均被瘤基长毛等特征可与国内其它种相区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Themeda anathera (Nees ex Steudel) Hackel
瘤菅 liu jian
Anthistiria anathera Nees ex Steudel, Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 402. 1854; Androscepia anathera (Nees ex Steudel) Andersson; A. anathera var. glabrescens Andersson; A. anathera var. hir-suta Andersson; Themeda anathera var. glabrescens (Andersson) Hackel; T. anathera var. hirsuta (Andersson) Hackel.
Perennial, with rhizomes. Culms densely tufted, slender, erect or ascending, 30–120 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous or loosely hairy; leaf blades narrow, 4–20 × 0.2–0.4 cm, scabrid, setose with scattered, long, tubercle-based hairs, apex filiform; ligule ca. 2 mm, margin ciliate. Compound panicle loose, open, branches ascending, bearing up to 5 small spathate racemes; spatheoles linear, 1–2 cm, glabrous; peduncle glabrous. Raceme composed of 1–3 spikelet pairs and a terminal triad above the involucre of 2 homogamous pairs. Homogamous spikelets arising at different levels, male or barren, 5–8 mm, lanceolate, sparsely to densely setose with tubercle-based bristles or sometimes glabrous. Sessile spikelet 5–7 mm; callus ca. 1 mm, obtuse; lower glume firmly herbaceous to subleathery, lightly dorsally compressed, puberulous or subglabrous to tuberculate-hairy; upper lemma narrowly lanceolate, awnless (rarely with reduced ca. 1 cm awn). Pedicelled spikelet 6–8 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug–Oct.
Mountain slopes, usually in forests; 1500–3000 m. Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Nepal, Pakistan].
This is a slender, Himalayan species similar to Themeda hookeri, but with a more western distribution. It has a more densely tufted habit than T. hookeri and can easily be distinguished by its more numerous, awnless, usually setose racemes of smaller spikelets.
