锡金早熟禾Poa sikkimensis (Stapf) Bor
锡金早熟禾Poa sikkimensis (Stapf) Bor
110．锡金早熟禾（禾本科图说）图版22：12
12Poa sikkimensis(Stapf) Bor in Kew Bull. 1972: 130. 1952; Bor, Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 560. 1960; Meld. in Hara et al. Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 1: 143. 1978; T. A. Cope in E. Nasir Fl. Pakist. 143: 408. 1982;中国主要植物图说禾本科221, 图176. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 69, 图6967. 1976; 西藏植物志5: 119, 图62. 1987;横断山区维管植物2: 2190. 1994.——Poa annua var. sikkimensis Stapf in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 346. 1896.
一年生或越年生草本。秆丛生，高10-40厘米，直立或膝曲上升，稍扁平，具1-2节，糙涩。叶鞘直达花序下部，具倒向粗糙，枯老后成干膜质聚集于秆基；叶舌膜质，长3-6毫米；叶片扁平或对折，长3-10厘米，宽2-5毫米，顶端急尖，基部收缩，平滑，边缘或两面粗糙。圆锥花序长圆形或金字塔形，长6-15厘米；分枝孪生，下部裸露，斜升或向下弯曲，基部主枝长约5厘米；小穗披针形，含3-5小花，长4-5（-6）毫米，稍带紫色；两颖不等长，顶端尖，边缘狭膜质，第一颖长1.5-2毫米，具1（2-3)脉，第二颖长约2.5毫米，脊上部微粗糙；外稃遍体贴生微毛，具窄膜质，间脉明显，脊微粗糙，脊与边脉不具柔毛，基盘不具绵毛，第一外稃长2.7-3毫米，宽约2毫米；内稃稍短于外稃，脊下部具短纤毛，上部粗糙；花药微小，黄色，长0.5-0.8毫米。花果期7-9月。染色体2n＝28（Mehra et Sood 1975）。
产四川西部、西藏（察隅、亚东）、青海。生于山坡草地，海拔4000米左右。印度西北部、尼泊尔、克什米尔地区、锡金有分布。模式标本采自锡金。
本种与喀斯早熟禾P. khasiana Stapf相近，主要区别点为叶舌长3-6毫米，叶鞘具倒向粗糙，外稃较短，长不逾3毫米。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Poa sikkimensis (Stapf) Bor
锡金早熟禾 xi jin zao shu he
Poa annua var. sikkimensis Stapf in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 7: 346. 1896 ["1897"]; P. eragrostioides L. Liu; P. tunicata Keng ex C. Ling.
Annuals or short-lived perennials, tufted to weakly stoloniferous. Culms erect or arching, or geniculate ascending, 4–42 cm tall, 0.5–2 mm in diam., smooth, nodes 1–3(–4), none or 1 exserted, uppermost to 1/3 way up culm. Leaf sheaths loose, smooth, glabrous, 2–8 cm, 1–3 × as long as blade, uppermost closed for 1/3–1/2 of length; blade flat, thin, 3–10 cm × (1.5–) 2–5 mm, surfaces smooth or sparsely scabrid, margins scabrid, apex acutely prow-tipped, of tillers 1–10 cm; ligule 1.5–4(–6) mm, abaxially smooth or sparsely scabrid, apex obtuse to acute, collars glabrous. Panicle loosely contracted to open, oblong to pyramidal, 3–15(–19.5) × 1.5–5 cm, longest internodes 0.5–3 cm; branches obliquely ascending, spreading, or reflexed, flexuous, 2 per node, proximally smooth, distally scabrid, longest to 1–7 cm with 4–30 spikelets in distal 2/3. Spikelets ovate, usually purple tinged, 3.8–5(–6) mm, florets 3–5; vivipary absent; rachilla internodes 0.4–0.9 mm, smooth, glabrous; glumes usually purple, subequal to unequal, broad, keels smooth or sparsely scabrid, lower glume 1.5–2.7 mm, 1-veined, upper glume 2–3.1 mm, 3-veined; lemmas broadly elliptic, 2.5–3.3 mm, apex obtuse to acute, keel pilulose to shortly villous, rarely glabrous, for 1/2 length, marginal veins to 1/3, intermediate veins prominent, areas between veins smooth, glabrous; callus glabrous; palea glabrous between keels, keels sparsely scabrid, some smooth, medially sparsely pilulose. Anthers 0.5–0.9 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 28, 42.
Grassy slopes, meadows, marshy ground, sandy bottoms, roadsides, disturbed ground; 3000–4700 m. SW Gansu, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang (Yadong, Zay?), NW Yunnan [Bhutan, India (Assam, Sikkim), Nepal].
Poa sikkimensis lacks a webbed callus and has ligules 2–6 mm. It is most difficult to distinguish from P. annua, but has sparsely scabrid palea keels and branches and no pubescence on the intermediate veins of the lemmas.
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：早熟禾属 Poa
110．锡金早熟禾（禾本科图说）图版22：12
12Poa sikkimensis(Stapf) Bor in Kew Bull. 1972: 130. 1952; Bor, Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 560. 1960; Meld. in Hara et al. Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 1: 143. 1978; T. A. Cope in E. Nasir Fl. Pakist. 143: 408. 1982;中国主要植物图说禾本科221, 图176. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 69, 图6967. 1976; 西藏植物志5: 119, 图62. 1987;横断山区维管植物2: 2190. 1994.——Poa annua var. sikkimensis Stapf in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 346. 1896.
一年生或越年生草本。秆丛生，高10-40厘米，直立或膝曲上升，稍扁平，具1-2节，糙涩。叶鞘直达花序下部，具倒向粗糙，枯老后成干膜质聚集于秆基；叶舌膜质，长3-6毫米；叶片扁平或对折，长3-10厘米，宽2-5毫米，顶端急尖，基部收缩，平滑，边缘或两面粗糙。圆锥花序长圆形或金字塔形，长6-15厘米；分枝孪生，下部裸露，斜升或向下弯曲，基部主枝长约5厘米；小穗披针形，含3-5小花，长4-5（-6）毫米，稍带紫色；两颖不等长，顶端尖，边缘狭膜质，第一颖长1.5-2毫米，具1（2-3)脉，第二颖长约2.5毫米，脊上部微粗糙；外稃遍体贴生微毛，具窄膜质，间脉明显，脊微粗糙，脊与边脉不具柔毛，基盘不具绵毛，第一外稃长2.7-3毫米，宽约2毫米；内稃稍短于外稃，脊下部具短纤毛，上部粗糙；花药微小，黄色，长0.5-0.8毫米。花果期7-9月。染色体2n＝28（Mehra et Sood 1975）。
产四川西部、西藏（察隅、亚东）、青海。生于山坡草地，海拔4000米左右。印度西北部、尼泊尔、克什米尔地区、锡金有分布。模式标本采自锡金。
本种与喀斯早熟禾P. khasiana Stapf相近，主要区别点为叶舌长3-6毫米，叶鞘具倒向粗糙，外稃较短，长不逾3毫米。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Poa sikkimensis (Stapf) Bor
锡金早熟禾 xi jin zao shu he
Poa annua var. sikkimensis Stapf in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 7: 346. 1896 ["1897"]; P. eragrostioides L. Liu; P. tunicata Keng ex C. Ling.
Annuals or short-lived perennials, tufted to weakly stoloniferous. Culms erect or arching, or geniculate ascending, 4–42 cm tall, 0.5–2 mm in diam., smooth, nodes 1–3(–4), none or 1 exserted, uppermost to 1/3 way up culm. Leaf sheaths loose, smooth, glabrous, 2–8 cm, 1–3 × as long as blade, uppermost closed for 1/3–1/2 of length; blade flat, thin, 3–10 cm × (1.5–) 2–5 mm, surfaces smooth or sparsely scabrid, margins scabrid, apex acutely prow-tipped, of tillers 1–10 cm; ligule 1.5–4(–6) mm, abaxially smooth or sparsely scabrid, apex obtuse to acute, collars glabrous. Panicle loosely contracted to open, oblong to pyramidal, 3–15(–19.5) × 1.5–5 cm, longest internodes 0.5–3 cm; branches obliquely ascending, spreading, or reflexed, flexuous, 2 per node, proximally smooth, distally scabrid, longest to 1–7 cm with 4–30 spikelets in distal 2/3. Spikelets ovate, usually purple tinged, 3.8–5(–6) mm, florets 3–5; vivipary absent; rachilla internodes 0.4–0.9 mm, smooth, glabrous; glumes usually purple, subequal to unequal, broad, keels smooth or sparsely scabrid, lower glume 1.5–2.7 mm, 1-veined, upper glume 2–3.1 mm, 3-veined; lemmas broadly elliptic, 2.5–3.3 mm, apex obtuse to acute, keel pilulose to shortly villous, rarely glabrous, for 1/2 length, marginal veins to 1/3, intermediate veins prominent, areas between veins smooth, glabrous; callus glabrous; palea glabrous between keels, keels sparsely scabrid, some smooth, medially sparsely pilulose. Anthers 0.5–0.9 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul–Sep. 2n = 28, 42.
Grassy slopes, meadows, marshy ground, sandy bottoms, roadsides, disturbed ground; 3000–4700 m. SW Gansu, S Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang (Yadong, Zay?), NW Yunnan [Bhutan, India (Assam, Sikkim), Nepal].
Poa sikkimensis lacks a webbed callus and has ligules 2–6 mm. It is most difficult to distinguish from P. annua, but has sparsely scabrid palea keels and branches and no pubescence on the intermediate veins of the lemmas.
