台湾桂竹Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata

别名：篓竹;桂仔竹;哺鸡竹;桂竹仔;筀竹;麦黄竹;棉竹;桂竹;Makino bamboo;

科名：禾本科 Gramineae

属名：刚竹属 Phyllostachys

《中国植物志》第9(1)卷254页
  2.台湾桂竹（植物分类学报）桂竹（台湾植物志）图版66：7-12
  Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata,Icon. Pl.Form. 5:250. 1915.et in ibid.6:142. f. 52. 1916;McClure in Agr. Handb. USDA No. 114:38. ff. 28,29. 1957;中国主要植物图说·禾本科103页.图72. 1959;华东禾本科植物志44页.图12: 1962;Fl. Taiwan 5:727. pl. 1492. 1978, p. p.; S. Suzuki,Ind. Jap. Bambusac. 14 (f. 4), 76. 77 (pl. 4.),337. 1978.
  竿高10-20米，直径3-8厘米，表面具细微的小凹穴而呈猪皮状，或有白色微点（在10倍放大镜下可见），幼时被薄层白粉；节间最长可达40厘米，壁厚达10毫米；竿环及箨环均明显隆起，两者同高或竿环稍高。箨鞘背面呈乳黄色，有时带绿或褐色，微被白粉或无白粉，无毛，具较密的大小不等的斑点；箨耳及鞘口繸毛均不发达；箨舌深紫色，截形或微拱形，具紫红色长纤毛；箨片带状，外翻，平直或微皱曲，中间绿色，两边桔黄或绿黄色。末级小枝有2或3叶，叶耳有时存在，鞘口繸毛常发达；叶舌顶端拱形，常有缺刻，边缘生紫红色纤毛；叶片长8-14厘米，宽1.5-2毫米，幼时下表面有毛。笋期6月上旬。
  产台湾、福建。模式标本采自台湾。
  竹材坚韧密致，供建筑、造纸、竹椅、竹帘、伞骨、笛等用；笋食用。本种在台湾省林业上是很重要的竹种。
  我们未见到台湾桂竹既有花枝又有竿箨的标本，《中国主要植物图说·禾本科》中对于花的描述及图与《台湾植物志》(1978)中所载的内容显然有别，根据本种的竿箨推测，《台湾植物志》中对花枝的描述及图是否确是真正的桂竹很值得怀疑，由于未见到可信的花枝标本，本种的花枝及小穗等的描述暂缺。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Phyllostachys makinoi  Hayata
台湾桂竹   tai wan gui zhu
Culms 10–20 m, 3–8 cm in diam.; internodes to 40 cm, initially thinly white powdery, glabrous, with minute holes or crystalline spots (visible under 10 × lens); wall to 1 cm thick; nodal ridge as prominent as sheath scar or slightly more so. Culm sheaths cream-colored, sometimes brown or green-brown, with dense variably sized spots, thinly white powdery or glossy, glabrous; auricles and oral setae not developed; ligule dark purple, truncate or weakly arched, fringed with long purple cilia; blade reflexed, green, with orange or green-yellow margins, narrowly triangular or linear, flat or weakly crinkled. Leaves 2 or 3 per ultimate branch; sheath glabrous; auricles and oral setae usually present; ligule arcuate, commonly eroded, purple-red ciliate; blade 8–14 × 1.5–2 cm, abaxially initially pubescent especially near petiole. Inflorescence not known. New shoots May–Jun. 2n = 48*.
* Open forests; below 1500 m. Fujian, Taiwan [introduced in Japan].
The flowering branchlets of this species are indicated as capitate in Fl. Taiwan (5: 729, pl. 1492–10. 1978), but as spicate in Fl. Ill. Pl. Prim. Sin. Gram. (103, f. 72. 1959). From the combination of characters of culms and culm sheaths it is suspected that the flowering branchlets of this bamboo are most likely to be spicate.

The tough, compact culms are used for building and for making paper, furniture, umbrellas, containers, and agricultural implements.