异燕麦Helictotrichon schellianum (Hack.) Kitag.
异燕麦Helictotrichon schellianum (Hack.) Kitag.
2．异燕麦（禾本科图说）野燕麦（种子植物名称）图版40：1-4
Helictotrichon schellianum (Hack.) Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 78. 1939;禾本科图说493.图425. 1959; 刘慎谔等, 东北植物检索表483. 1959; Tzvel. in Pl. Asiae Centr. 4: 105. 1968; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 94.图7017. 1975;秦岭植物志1 (1) : 125. 1975. ——Avena schelliana Hack. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 12: 419. 1892. ——Avenastrum schellianum (Hack.) Roshev. in Kom. Fl. URSS 2: 274. t. 21. f. 2a. 1934. ——Avenochloa schelliana (Hack.) Holub, Acta Horti Bot. Prag. 1962: 85. 1962. ——Helictotrichon hookeri subsp. schellianum (Hack.) Tzvel. in Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc. , Acad. Sci. URSS 68. 1971, et Poac. URSS 248. 1976.
多年生。须根细弱。根茎明显或不甚明显。秆直立，丛生，光滑无毛，高25-70厘米，通常具2节。叶鞘松弛，背部具脊，较粗糙；叶舌透明膜质，披针形，长3-6毫米；叶片扁平，两面均粗糙，长5-10厘米，宽2.5-4毫米，基部分蘖者长达25厘米。圆锥花序紧缩，淡褐色，有光泽，长8-12厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，分枝常孪生，粗糙，直立或稍斜升，具1-4小穗；小穗含3-6小花（顶花退化），长11-17毫米（芒除外），小穗轴节间长1.5-2毫米，背面具长1-2毫米的柔毛；颖披针形，上端膜质，下部均具3脉，第一颖长9-12毫米，第二颖长10-13毫米；外稃上部透明膜质，成熟后下部变硬且为褐色，具9脉，第一外稃长10-13毫米，基盘具长1-1.5毫米的柔毛，芒自稃体中部稍上处伸出，粗糙，长12-15毫米，下部约1/3处膝曲，芒柱稍扁，扭转；内稃甚短于外稃，第一内稃长7-8毫米，脊上部具细纤毛；花药长约4毫米；子房上部被短毛。花期6-9月。
产东北、华北及甘肃、新疆、青海、四川、云南等省区。生于海拔160-3400米的山坡草原、林缘及高山较潮湿草地。分布于苏联中亚、西伯利亚，蒙古，朝鲜等地。模式标本采自黑龙江上游。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Helictotrichon hookeri (Scribner) Henrard
异燕麦 yi yan mai
Perennial, rhizomes very short or absent, forming mats. Culms tufted, erect, 20–70 cm tall, usually 2-noded. Leaf sheaths of cauline leaves closed for less than 1/4 of length; leaf blades flat or folded, 10–25 cm, 2–5 mm wide, smooth or scabrid, margins thick, white, base straight, apex subacute; ligule lanceolate, 3–6 mm. Panicle contracted, sometimes dense, 4–15 cm; branches usually paired, erect or ascending, scabrid, bearing 1–4 spikelets. Spikelets 1.1–1.7 cm, green or brown, florets 3–6; rachilla hairs 1–2 mm; glumes membranous, 3(–5)-veined, lower glume 9–12 mm, upper glume 10–13 mm; lemmas leathery, hyaline above awn insertion, lowest 10–13 mm, asperulous, apex 2-toothed; awn 1.2–1.5 cm, geniculate, column twisted, flat; palea keels minutely ciliolate. Anthers ca. 4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep.
Hill slopes in steppe, forest margins, moist meadows in high mountains; 100–3500 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia; North America].
This is a variable species with higher-altitude forms distinguishable at subspecific rank. These forms correspond to plants from uplands in W North America, from where the species was first described.
别名：野燕麦（种子植物名称）
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：异燕麦属 Helictotrichon
2．异燕麦（禾本科图说）野燕麦（种子植物名称）图版40：1-4
Helictotrichon schellianum (Hack.) Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 78. 1939;禾本科图说493.图425. 1959; 刘慎谔等, 东北植物检索表483. 1959; Tzvel. in Pl. Asiae Centr. 4: 105. 1968; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 94.图7017. 1975;秦岭植物志1 (1) : 125. 1975. ——Avena schelliana Hack. in Act. Hort. Petrop. 12: 419. 1892. ——Avenastrum schellianum (Hack.) Roshev. in Kom. Fl. URSS 2: 274. t. 21. f. 2a. 1934. ——Avenochloa schelliana (Hack.) Holub, Acta Horti Bot. Prag. 1962: 85. 1962. ——Helictotrichon hookeri subsp. schellianum (Hack.) Tzvel. in Novit. Syst. Pl. Vasc. , Acad. Sci. URSS 68. 1971, et Poac. URSS 248. 1976.
多年生。须根细弱。根茎明显或不甚明显。秆直立，丛生，光滑无毛，高25-70厘米，通常具2节。叶鞘松弛，背部具脊，较粗糙；叶舌透明膜质，披针形，长3-6毫米；叶片扁平，两面均粗糙，长5-10厘米，宽2.5-4毫米，基部分蘖者长达25厘米。圆锥花序紧缩，淡褐色，有光泽，长8-12厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，分枝常孪生，粗糙，直立或稍斜升，具1-4小穗；小穗含3-6小花（顶花退化），长11-17毫米（芒除外），小穗轴节间长1.5-2毫米，背面具长1-2毫米的柔毛；颖披针形，上端膜质，下部均具3脉，第一颖长9-12毫米，第二颖长10-13毫米；外稃上部透明膜质，成熟后下部变硬且为褐色，具9脉，第一外稃长10-13毫米，基盘具长1-1.5毫米的柔毛，芒自稃体中部稍上处伸出，粗糙，长12-15毫米，下部约1/3处膝曲，芒柱稍扁，扭转；内稃甚短于外稃，第一内稃长7-8毫米，脊上部具细纤毛；花药长约4毫米；子房上部被短毛。花期6-9月。
产东北、华北及甘肃、新疆、青海、四川、云南等省区。生于海拔160-3400米的山坡草原、林缘及高山较潮湿草地。分布于苏联中亚、西伯利亚，蒙古，朝鲜等地。模式标本采自黑龙江上游。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Helictotrichon hookeri (Scribner) Henrard
异燕麦 yi yan mai
Perennial, rhizomes very short or absent, forming mats. Culms tufted, erect, 20–70 cm tall, usually 2-noded. Leaf sheaths of cauline leaves closed for less than 1/4 of length; leaf blades flat or folded, 10–25 cm, 2–5 mm wide, smooth or scabrid, margins thick, white, base straight, apex subacute; ligule lanceolate, 3–6 mm. Panicle contracted, sometimes dense, 4–15 cm; branches usually paired, erect or ascending, scabrid, bearing 1–4 spikelets. Spikelets 1.1–1.7 cm, green or brown, florets 3–6; rachilla hairs 1–2 mm; glumes membranous, 3(–5)-veined, lower glume 9–12 mm, upper glume 10–13 mm; lemmas leathery, hyaline above awn insertion, lowest 10–13 mm, asperulous, apex 2-toothed; awn 1.2–1.5 cm, geniculate, column twisted, flat; palea keels minutely ciliolate. Anthers ca. 4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Sep.
Hill slopes in steppe, forest margins, moist meadows in high mountains; 100–3500 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia; North America].
This is a variable species with higher-altitude forms distinguishable at subspecific rank. These forms correspond to plants from uplands in W North America, from where the species was first described.
