栏目

毛蕊草Duthiea brachypodia (P. Candargy) Keng et Keng f.

毛蕊草Duthiea brachypodia (P. Candargy) Keng et Keng f.

科名:禾本科 Gramineae

属名:毛蕊草属 Duthiea

《中国植物志》第9(3)卷127页
  1.毛蕊草(禾本科图说)图版31:4-10
  Duthiea brachypodia (P. Candargy) Keng et Keng f.植物分类学报10 (2) : 182. 1965;中国高等植物图鉴5:96. 图7022. 1976. ——Triavenopsis brachypodium P. Candargy, Trib. Hodees, Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 65. 1897-99. ——Thrixgyne dura Keng in Sunyatsenia 6(2): 82. Pl. 13. 1941. ——Duthiea nepalensis Bor in Kew Bull. 1953: 550. 1954, et Grass. Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pakist. 436. f. 46B. 1960. ——Duthiea dura (Keng) Keng et Keng f.南京大学学报 (自然科学版) 2: 92. 1956;禾本科图说500.图429. 1959.
  多年生。密丛。偶具长根茎,须根细而坚韧。秆直立,较坚硬而粗糙,基部宿存枯萎的叶鞘,高25-100厘米,径1.2-2毫米,具1-3节。叶鞘松弛,微粗糙,短于节间;叶舌膜质,长5-8毫米,顶端具齿裂;叶片质硬,多纵卷,背面粗糙,长2.5-13厘米,基部分蘖叶长达35厘米,宽2-3.5毫米。总状花序紧缩,直立并常偏于1侧,长8-10厘米,宽5-7毫米,具8-18个小穗;小穗灰绿色,长14-21毫米,含1小花,并具短柄,小穗柄硬直,被微毛,长1.5-3毫米(最下1枚小穗柄长达5毫米,并常具1枚苞片);延伸小穗轴细长,无毛,长约2毫米,顶端具长约0.8毫米的退化小花;颖草质,长圆状披针形,长13-21毫米,具5-9脉,疏生横脉;外稃等长于小穗,革质,具10-11脉,1/2以下具柔毛,以基盘毛为最密,顶端具2裂片,渐尖或锐尖,长7-10毫米,其基部亦具柔毛,芒自2裂片中间伸出,微粗糙,芒柱长8-10毫米,稀疏扭转,芒针长10-16毫米;内稃长11-15毫米(连同裂齿),脊具纤毛;花药黄色,长7-9毫米;子房被糙毛,花柱长6-7毫米,顶端具2-3枚长7-9毫米帚刷状的柱头。花果期6-10月。
  产西藏、青海、四川、云南等省区。生于海拔3000-5300米的高山疏林下、灌丛中或阳坡草地上。分布于尼泊尔。模式标本采自四川省康定县。
  该种变化福度较大,耿以礼教授1958年2月2日把耿伯介等162号,于1957年8月21日采自青海省大通红牙合的标本定为Duthiea dura(Keng)Keng var. major Keng, var. nov.(未正式发表),但类似这样的标本现在还很多(四川也有),我认为这1新变种与原种可能是生境不同形成的:植株较高大,高可达70-100厘米,偶具长根茎,其它营养器官及小穗各部在长度有所增大,但结构上并未有任何变异,所以无需另立变种,作为种内大小变异幅度。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Duthiea brachypodium  (P. Candargy) Keng & P. C. Keng
毛蕊草   mao rui cao
Triavenopsis brachypodium P. Candargy, Arch. Biol. Veg. Pure Appl.1: 65. 1901; Duthiea dura (Keng) Keng & P. C. Keng; D. nepalensis Bor; Thrixgyne dura Keng.
Perennial forming small dense tussocks, with or without long rhizomes; basal sheaths persistent, brown, papery. Culms stiffly erect, 25–100 cm tall, 1–3-noded. Leaf blades 2.5–13(–35) cm, 2–3.5 mm wide, glabrous, apex acute; ligule 2–3 mm, up to 8 mm on culm leaves. Raceme 7–10 × 0.5–0.7 cm; spikelets 8–18, overlapping. Spikelets narrowly cylindrical, 1.4–2.1 cm, floret 1, gray-green; rachilla extension ca. 2 mm, sometimes tipped with reduced floret; glumes oblong-lanceolate, 1.3–2.1 cm, subacute; callus densely pubescent; lemma equal to spikelet, leathery, 10–11-veined, body hispid, especially around awn insertion, apex deeply 2-cleft, lobes 7–10 mm, scabrid, acuminate; awn densely scabrid-pubescent, column 0.8–1 cm, bristle 1–1.6 cm; palea keels thick, prominent. Lodicules absent or 2, oblanceolate. Anthers 1.4–1.6 mm, glabrous or with a few short hairs at apex. Style 6–7 mm; stigmas 2 or 3, 7–9 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun–Oct.
Open woodland, between bushes, sunny grassy slopes in high mountains; 3000–5300 m. Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan [Bhutan, Nepal].
The specific epithet "brachypodium" is here a noun in apposition and should not be altered to "brachypodia."

The other two species in the genus, Duthiea bromoides Hackel and D. oligostachya (Munro) Stapf from the W Himalayas, both have spikelets with more than one fertile floret and a branching inflorescence. A slender rachilla extension is often present in D. brachypodium.

TOP