二型马唐Digitaria heterantha (Hook. f.) Merr.
二型马唐Digitaria heterantha (Hook. f.) Merr.
24. 二型马唐（禾本科图说）图版104
Digitaria heterantha (Hook. f.) Merr. Enum. Philip. Fl. pl. 1: 54. 1923; Henr. Monogr. Gen. Digitaria 314. 1950; Veldk. in Blumea 21(1):46. 1973;台湾的禾草501. 图145. 1975; 台湾植物志5: 540. 1978; 海南植物志4: 433. 1977.——Panicum heteranthum Nees et Meyen ex Nees in Meyen, Nova Ac. Caes. -Leop. Nat. Cur. 19: Suppl. 1:42. 1841: ibid. SuppI. 2:174. 1843; Hack, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:723. 1899.——Paspalum heteranthum Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 16. 1896, pro comb.——Digitaria dispar Henr. in Blumea 1: 97. 1934, nom. superfl. ; Merr, in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18:58. 1937; Henr. Monogr. Gen. Digitaria 190. 1950;中国主要植物图说 禾本科700. 图646. 1959: Gill. et al. Fl. Malaya 3:193. t. 25. 1971.——Panicum heteranthum Nees var. pachyrhachis Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 3: 167. 1908. ——Digitaria longissima Mez, in Fedde, Repert. sp. Nov. 18: 26. 1922; Reed. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 29: 290. 1948. ——Digitaria kanehira Ohwi in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55: 543, 1941; Henr. l. c. 362. 1950, in synon.——Digitaria shimadana Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. et Geobot. 11: 28. 1942: Henr. l. c. 690. 1950, in synon.——Digitaria baliensis Ohwi in Bull. Tokyo Sci Mus. 18: 5. 1947.——Digitaria bantamensis Ohwi l. c. 18: 5. 1947. ——Digitaria barbata auct. non Willd. : Balansa in Morot, Journ. Bot. 4:139. 1890; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36:32. 1904. p. p. Matsum. et Hayata En. Pl. Formosa 507. 1906. ——Digitaria bicornis auct. non Roem. et Schult. : Bor in Webbia 11: 323. 1956, et Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Tnd. Pakist. 299. 1960; Gill. Gard. Bull. Sing. 19:157. 1962; Hsu in Taiwania 16: 278. 1971.
一年生。秆较粗壮，直立部分高50-100厘米，下部匍匐地面，节上生根并分枝。叶鞘常短于节间，较压扁，具疣基柔毛，基部者密生柔毛；叶舌长1-2毫米；叶片长5-15厘米，宽3-6毫米，粗糙，下部两面生疣基柔毛。总状花序粗硬，2或3枚，长5-10或达20厘米，基部多少裸露；穗轴挺直，具粗厚的白色中肋，有窄翅，宽约1毫米，节间长为其小穗的2倍；孪生小穗异性；短柄（柄长0.4毫米）小穗无毛，长约4毫米，第一颖微小；第二颖披针形，具5脉，长为小穗的1/2-2/3；第一外稃具粗壮的7-9脉，脉隆起，脉间距离极窄仅留有缝隙，顶端渐尖；长柄小穗密生长柔毛，长约4.5毫米，与其小穗柄近等长；第二颖短于小穗，具3-5脉，第一外稃有5-7脉，脉间与边缘均密生丝状柔毛，第二外稃披针形，薄革质，灰白色，稍短于小穗，顶端渐尖；花药长1毫米。染色体2n=36（Hsu， 1964），72（Gould et Soderstrom，1974）。花果期6-10月。
产台湾、福建、广东等地；生于滨海沙地。印度、斯里兰卡、越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚等亚洲热带地区均有分布。模式标本采自印度。
本种以小穗二型，短柄小穗无毛，第一外稃具粗状隆起的7-11脉，脉本身粗大使脉间距离极窄呈缝隙状，有柄小穗密生丝状柔毛，与其它各种容易区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Digitaria heterantha (J. D. Hooker) Merrill
二型马唐 er xing ma tang
Paspalum heteranthum J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 7: 16. 1896 ["1897"], based on Panicum heteranthum Nees & Meyen (1841), not Link (1827); Digitaria baliensis Ohwi; D. banta-mensis Ohwi; D. dispar Henrard, nom. illeg. superfl; D. heter-antha var. hirtella L. C. Chia; D. shimadana Ohwi.
Perennial, stoloniferous. Culms branching and rooting at lower nodes, 50–100 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous to papillose-pilose; leaf blades broadly linear, 5–15 × 0.3–0.6 cm, glabrous to papillose-pilose on both surfaces; ligule 1–2 mm. Inflorescence digitate; racemes 2–4, stiffly ascending to divaricate, 5–15(–20) cm, the longer sparsely spiculate at base; spikelets paired, not imbricate, appressed and appearing slightly sunken; rachis triquetrous, thick, scarcely winged. Spikelets lanceolate, 3.5–4.5(–6) mm, those of a pair different, lower spikelet glabrous, upper spikelet villous; lower glume very small, veinless; upper glume lanceolate, 1/2 as long as to equaling spikelet, 3–5-veined; lower lemma as long as spikelet, closely 7–11-veined, veins equidistant, thick, prominent, interspaces slitlike; upper spikelet with rows of silky hairs, usually also setose, the hairs spreading halo-like at maturity; upper lemma pallid, acuminate. Fl. and fr. Jun–Oct. 2n = 36, 72.
Coastal sands. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan [Indonesia, Malaysia, Palau Islands, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
别名：异型马唐;粗穗马唐;
科名：禾本科 Gramineae
属名：马唐属 Digitaria
24. 二型马唐（禾本科图说）图版104
Digitaria heterantha (Hook. f.) Merr. Enum. Philip. Fl. pl. 1: 54. 1923; Henr. Monogr. Gen. Digitaria 314. 1950; Veldk. in Blumea 21(1):46. 1973;台湾的禾草501. 图145. 1975; 台湾植物志5: 540. 1978; 海南植物志4: 433. 1977.——Panicum heteranthum Nees et Meyen ex Nees in Meyen, Nova Ac. Caes. -Leop. Nat. Cur. 19: Suppl. 1:42. 1841: ibid. SuppI. 2:174. 1843; Hack, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:723. 1899.——Paspalum heteranthum Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7: 16. 1896, pro comb.——Digitaria dispar Henr. in Blumea 1: 97. 1934, nom. superfl. ; Merr, in Journ. Arn. Arb. 18:58. 1937; Henr. Monogr. Gen. Digitaria 190. 1950;中国主要植物图说 禾本科700. 图646. 1959: Gill. et al. Fl. Malaya 3:193. t. 25. 1971.——Panicum heteranthum Nees var. pachyrhachis Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 3: 167. 1908. ——Digitaria longissima Mez, in Fedde, Repert. sp. Nov. 18: 26. 1922; Reed. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 29: 290. 1948. ——Digitaria kanehira Ohwi in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 55: 543, 1941; Henr. l. c. 362. 1950, in synon.——Digitaria shimadana Ohwi in Acta Phytotax. et Geobot. 11: 28. 1942: Henr. l. c. 690. 1950, in synon.——Digitaria baliensis Ohwi in Bull. Tokyo Sci Mus. 18: 5. 1947.——Digitaria bantamensis Ohwi l. c. 18: 5. 1947. ——Digitaria barbata auct. non Willd. : Balansa in Morot, Journ. Bot. 4:139. 1890; Rendle in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36:32. 1904. p. p. Matsum. et Hayata En. Pl. Formosa 507. 1906. ——Digitaria bicornis auct. non Roem. et Schult. : Bor in Webbia 11: 323. 1956, et Grass. Burm. Ceyl. Tnd. Pakist. 299. 1960; Gill. Gard. Bull. Sing. 19:157. 1962; Hsu in Taiwania 16: 278. 1971.
一年生。秆较粗壮，直立部分高50-100厘米，下部匍匐地面，节上生根并分枝。叶鞘常短于节间，较压扁，具疣基柔毛，基部者密生柔毛；叶舌长1-2毫米；叶片长5-15厘米，宽3-6毫米，粗糙，下部两面生疣基柔毛。总状花序粗硬，2或3枚，长5-10或达20厘米，基部多少裸露；穗轴挺直，具粗厚的白色中肋，有窄翅，宽约1毫米，节间长为其小穗的2倍；孪生小穗异性；短柄（柄长0.4毫米）小穗无毛，长约4毫米，第一颖微小；第二颖披针形，具5脉，长为小穗的1/2-2/3；第一外稃具粗壮的7-9脉，脉隆起，脉间距离极窄仅留有缝隙，顶端渐尖；长柄小穗密生长柔毛，长约4.5毫米，与其小穗柄近等长；第二颖短于小穗，具3-5脉，第一外稃有5-7脉，脉间与边缘均密生丝状柔毛，第二外稃披针形，薄革质，灰白色，稍短于小穗，顶端渐尖；花药长1毫米。染色体2n=36（Hsu， 1964），72（Gould et Soderstrom，1974）。花果期6-10月。
产台湾、福建、广东等地；生于滨海沙地。印度、斯里兰卡、越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚等亚洲热带地区均有分布。模式标本采自印度。
本种以小穗二型，短柄小穗无毛，第一外稃具粗状隆起的7-11脉，脉本身粗大使脉间距离极窄呈缝隙状，有柄小穗密生丝状柔毛，与其它各种容易区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 22 (2006)
Digitaria heterantha (J. D. Hooker) Merrill
二型马唐 er xing ma tang
Paspalum heteranthum J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 7: 16. 1896 ["1897"], based on Panicum heteranthum Nees & Meyen (1841), not Link (1827); Digitaria baliensis Ohwi; D. banta-mensis Ohwi; D. dispar Henrard, nom. illeg. superfl; D. heter-antha var. hirtella L. C. Chia; D. shimadana Ohwi.
Perennial, stoloniferous. Culms branching and rooting at lower nodes, 50–100 cm tall. Leaf sheaths glabrous to papillose-pilose; leaf blades broadly linear, 5–15 × 0.3–0.6 cm, glabrous to papillose-pilose on both surfaces; ligule 1–2 mm. Inflorescence digitate; racemes 2–4, stiffly ascending to divaricate, 5–15(–20) cm, the longer sparsely spiculate at base; spikelets paired, not imbricate, appressed and appearing slightly sunken; rachis triquetrous, thick, scarcely winged. Spikelets lanceolate, 3.5–4.5(–6) mm, those of a pair different, lower spikelet glabrous, upper spikelet villous; lower glume very small, veinless; upper glume lanceolate, 1/2 as long as to equaling spikelet, 3–5-veined; lower lemma as long as spikelet, closely 7–11-veined, veins equidistant, thick, prominent, interspaces slitlike; upper spikelet with rows of silky hairs, usually also setose, the hairs spreading halo-like at maturity; upper lemma pallid, acuminate. Fl. and fr. Jun–Oct. 2n = 36, 72.
Coastal sands. Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan [Indonesia, Malaysia, Palau Islands, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
