北方獐牙菜Swertia diluta (Turcz.) Benth. et Hook. f.

别名：北方獐芽菜;獐牙菜;小方杆;乌金散;塔拉音-地格达;水黄莲;当归;淡味当药;淡花当药;苦草;山黄连;中国当药;淡味獐牙菜;淡花獐牙菜;日本獐牙菜;淡花儿獐牙菜;水黄连;紫花当药;肝炎草;淡叶獐牙菜;淡黄獐牙菜;红胆草;胡黄莲;当药;兴安獐牙菜;

科名：龙胆科 Gentianaceae

属名：獐牙菜属 Swertia

《中国植物志》第62卷394页
  58．北方獐牙菜 中国当药（中国北部植物图志），兴安獐牙菜、獐牙菜（东北植物检索表），当药（中国高等植物图鉴）、水黄莲 图版64: 7-8
  Swertia diluta (Turcz.) Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 2: 817. 1876; Hance in Journ. Bot. 11: 37. 1882: Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3. Append. 1: 360. 1939; Hara in Journ. Jap. Bot. 25: 89. 1950;东北植物检索表286. 1959; S. Nilsson in Grana Palyn. 7(1): 110. 1967;中国高等植物图鉴3: 407. 图4768. 1974; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 1092. 1978. ——Gentiana diluta Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 11: 97. 1838, nom. nud. ——Sczukinia diluta Turcz. ibid. 13: 166. 1840. ——Ophelia chinensis Bung ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. 9: 126. 1845; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 212. 1884; Grossh. in Kom. Fl. URSS 18: 625. 1952. ——O. diluta (Turcz.) Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 3(1): 73. 1847; Maim. in Mel. Biol. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 9: 399. 1875 et in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. -P6tersb. 20: 434. 1875: Franch. l. c. 212; Grossh. l. c. 626. ——Swertia chinensis Franch. ex Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 139. 1890, excl. Franch. 1885; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 46: 322. 1899; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 3(1): 271. 1905, p. p. min.; Limpr. in Rep. Sp. Nov. Beih. 12: 469. 1922;中国北部植物图志2: 55. 图版23. 1933; Kitag. l. c. 360;东北植物检索表286. 图版91. 图3. 1959. ——S. chinensis f. stenopetala Franch; l. c. 46: 322. 1899. ——Frasera diluta (Turcz.) Toyokuni, Symb. Asahikaw. 1: 155. 1965.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Swertia diluta  (Turczaninow) Bentham & J. D. Hooker
北方獐牙菜   bei fang zhang ya cai
Annuals 20-70 cm tall. Roots yellow, stout. Stems erect, 2-4 mm in diam., subquadrangular, narrowly winged on angles, branched. Leaves sessile, linear to linear-lanceolate, 1-4.5 cm × 2-9 mm, both ends attenuate, midvein prominent. Inflorescences panicles of cymes, many flowered, spreading branched. Flowers 5merous. Pedicel erect, to 1.5 cm, 4angled. Calyx tube 1-1.5 mm; lobes linear, 6-12 mm, apex acuminate, midvein distinct. Corolla white, pale blue, or pale lilac, 1-1.5 cm in diam.; tube 1-1.5 mm; lobes elliptic-lanceolate, 6-11 mm, apex acute. Nectaries 2 per corolla lobe, radially elongated, with a narrow scale and raised margin with many simple fimbriae. Filaments 6-8 mm; anthers ellipsoid, 1.5-2 mm. Style indistinct; stigma lobes capitate. Capsules ovoid, 1-1.2 cm. Seeds dark brown, ellipsoid, 0.6-0.8 mm; seed coat warty. Fl. Aug-Oct.
100-3100 m. Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, N Sichuan, Xinjiang [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia (Siberia)]