西南獐牙菜Swertia cincta Burk.
西南獐牙菜Swertia cincta Burk.
76. 西南獐牙菜（中国高等植物图鉴）图版66：8-10
Swertia cincta Burk. in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal n. ser. 2: 319. 1906; H. Smith in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 986. 1936;中国高等植物图鉴3: 406, 图4766. 1974.——S. purpurascens var. violaceo-cincta Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 46; 314. 1899; Forrest in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 4: 79. 1907. ——S. albo-violacea Levl. in Bull. Geogr. Bot. 25: 23. 1915.
一年生草本，高30-100（150）厘米。茎直立，中空，圆形，中上部有分枝，基部直径3-5毫米。基生叶在花期凋谢；茎生叶具极短的柄，叶片披针形或椭圆状披针形，长2.5-7.5厘米，宽0.5-2厘米，先端渐狭，基部楔形，具明显的3脉，脉上和叶的边缘具短柔毛，其余光滑，叶柄具短毛。圆锥状复聚伞花序长达57厘米，多花，下部的花序分枝长达30厘米；花梗具条棱，棱上有短毛，长3-18毫米，果时略伸长；花5数，下垂；花萼稍长于花冠，裂片略不等大，卵状披针形，长9-15毫米，宽3-6毫米，先端渐尖，具短尾尖，边缘具长睫毛，背面具1-3脉；花冠黄绿色，基部环绕着一圈紫晕，裂片卵状披针形，长7-14毫米，先端渐尖呈尾状，边缘具短睫毛，基部具1个马蹄形裸露腺窝，腺窝之上具2个黑紫色斑点；花丝长5-7毫米，愈向下部逐渐加宽，至基部极度扩大并连合成短筒包围子房，外部具乳突状短毛，花药狭椭圆形，长约2.5毫米；子房卵状披针形，长7-10毫米，花柱长，柱头2裂，裂片长圆形。蒴果卵状披针形，长1.2-2.3厘米；种子矩圆形，黄色，长0.9-1.1毫米，表面具细网状突起。花果期8-11月。
产云南、四川、贵州。生于潮湿山坡、灌丛中、林下，海拔1400-3750米。模式标本采自云南鹤庆。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Swertia cincta Burkill
西南獐牙菜 xi nan zhang ya cai
Swertia alboviolacea H. Léveillé; S. purpurascens (Wallich ex D. Don) C. B. Clarke var. violaceocincta Franchet.
Annuals 30-100(-150) cm tall. Roots yellow, fibrous. Stems erect, 3-5 mm in diam., branched. Basal leaves withered at anthesis. Stem leaves petioles short, puberulent; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 2.5-7.5 × 0.5-2 cm, puberulent, both ends attenuate, margin ciliate, veins 3-5. Inflorescences panicles of cymes, many flowered, spreading, to 60 cm. Pedicel erect, 0.3-1.8 cm, terete, with puberulent striae; flower nodding, 5merous. Calyx tube 1-1.5 mm; lobes ovate-lanceolate, 0.9-1.5 cm × 3-6 mm, slightly unequal, margin ciliate, apex acuminate and caudate, veins 1-3. Corolla pale yellow-green, with 2 blackish purple spots above each nectary, these sometimes joined into a ± continuous ring; tube 1-1.5 mm; lobes ovate-lanceolate, 0.7-1.4 cm, margin ciliolate, apex acuminate and caudate. Nectaries 1 per corolla lobe, horseshoe-shaped, naked. Filaments 5-7 mm, basally much enlarged and connate; anthers narrowly ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm. Style 3-4 mm, slender; stigma lobes capitate. Capsules ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.2-2.3 cm. Seeds pale yellow, ellipsoid, 0.9-1.1 mm; seed coat reticulate. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov.
* Wet slopes, scrub, forests; 1400-3800 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
别名：西南樟牙菜;圈纹獐牙菜;龙胆草;西南狡牙菜;圆纹獐芽菜;獐牙菜;青叶丹;大青叶胆;
科名：龙胆科 Gentianaceae
属名：獐牙菜属 Swertia
76. 西南獐牙菜（中国高等植物图鉴）图版66：8-10
Swertia cincta Burk. in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal n. ser. 2: 319. 1906; H. Smith in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 986. 1936;中国高等植物图鉴3: 406, 图4766. 1974.——S. purpurascens var. violaceo-cincta Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 46; 314. 1899; Forrest in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 4: 79. 1907. ——S. albo-violacea Levl. in Bull. Geogr. Bot. 25: 23. 1915.
一年生草本，高30-100（150）厘米。茎直立，中空，圆形，中上部有分枝，基部直径3-5毫米。基生叶在花期凋谢；茎生叶具极短的柄，叶片披针形或椭圆状披针形，长2.5-7.5厘米，宽0.5-2厘米，先端渐狭，基部楔形，具明显的3脉，脉上和叶的边缘具短柔毛，其余光滑，叶柄具短毛。圆锥状复聚伞花序长达57厘米，多花，下部的花序分枝长达30厘米；花梗具条棱，棱上有短毛，长3-18毫米，果时略伸长；花5数，下垂；花萼稍长于花冠，裂片略不等大，卵状披针形，长9-15毫米，宽3-6毫米，先端渐尖，具短尾尖，边缘具长睫毛，背面具1-3脉；花冠黄绿色，基部环绕着一圈紫晕，裂片卵状披针形，长7-14毫米，先端渐尖呈尾状，边缘具短睫毛，基部具1个马蹄形裸露腺窝，腺窝之上具2个黑紫色斑点；花丝长5-7毫米，愈向下部逐渐加宽，至基部极度扩大并连合成短筒包围子房，外部具乳突状短毛，花药狭椭圆形，长约2.5毫米；子房卵状披针形，长7-10毫米，花柱长，柱头2裂，裂片长圆形。蒴果卵状披针形，长1.2-2.3厘米；种子矩圆形，黄色，长0.9-1.1毫米，表面具细网状突起。花果期8-11月。
产云南、四川、贵州。生于潮湿山坡、灌丛中、林下，海拔1400-3750米。模式标本采自云南鹤庆。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Swertia cincta Burkill
西南獐牙菜 xi nan zhang ya cai
Swertia alboviolacea H. Léveillé; S. purpurascens (Wallich ex D. Don) C. B. Clarke var. violaceocincta Franchet.
Annuals 30-100(-150) cm tall. Roots yellow, fibrous. Stems erect, 3-5 mm in diam., branched. Basal leaves withered at anthesis. Stem leaves petioles short, puberulent; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 2.5-7.5 × 0.5-2 cm, puberulent, both ends attenuate, margin ciliate, veins 3-5. Inflorescences panicles of cymes, many flowered, spreading, to 60 cm. Pedicel erect, 0.3-1.8 cm, terete, with puberulent striae; flower nodding, 5merous. Calyx tube 1-1.5 mm; lobes ovate-lanceolate, 0.9-1.5 cm × 3-6 mm, slightly unequal, margin ciliate, apex acuminate and caudate, veins 1-3. Corolla pale yellow-green, with 2 blackish purple spots above each nectary, these sometimes joined into a ± continuous ring; tube 1-1.5 mm; lobes ovate-lanceolate, 0.7-1.4 cm, margin ciliolate, apex acuminate and caudate. Nectaries 1 per corolla lobe, horseshoe-shaped, naked. Filaments 5-7 mm, basally much enlarged and connate; anthers narrowly ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm. Style 3-4 mm, slender; stigma lobes capitate. Capsules ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.2-2.3 cm. Seeds pale yellow, ellipsoid, 0.9-1.1 mm; seed coat reticulate. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov.
* Wet slopes, scrub, forests; 1400-3800 m. Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan.
