假水生龙胆Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez.
假水生龙胆Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez.
200. 假水生龙胆(中国北部植物图志)图版35:9-10;5:6
Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 13: 63. 1893 et 15: 388. 1904; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 3(1):268. 1905;中国北部植物图志2: 37. 图版14. 1933; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 173. 1937; Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3: Append. 1: 359. 1939: K. S. Hao in Bot. Jahrb. 68: 629. 1938; Grossh. in Kom. Fl. URSS 18: 580. 1952; 东北植物检索表285. 1959: S. Nilsson in Grans Palyn. 7(1): 104. 1967; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 395. 1974.李昌福, 大韩植物图鉴625. 1979. ——G. burkillii H. Smith in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 953. 1936, p. p. quoad spec. Shanxi.——G. aquatica auct. non L. : C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14: 434. 1875, p. p. et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 110. 1883, p. p.; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 211. 1884: Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 123. 1890; Maxim. Diagn. Pl. Nov. Asiat. 8:34. 1893, p. p.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Kusnez. l. c. 15: 379. 1904, p. p. spec. quoad Nordchina.
一年生草本,高3-5厘米。茎紫红色或黄绿色,密被乳突,自基部多分枝,似丛生状,枝再作多次二歧分枝,铺散,斜升。叶先端钝圆或急尖,外反,边缘软骨质,具极细乳突,两面光滑,中脉软骨质,在背面突起;基生叶大,在花期枯萎,宿存,卵圆形或圆形,长3-6毫米,宽3-5毫米,叶柄宽,长1-2毫米;茎生叶疏离或密集,覆瓦状排列,倒卵形或匙形,长3-5毫米,宽2-3毫米,叶柄边缘具乳突,背面光滑,连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花多数,单生于小枝顶端;花梗紫红色或黄绿色,长2-13毫米,藏于上部叶中或裸露;花萼筒状漏斗形,长5-6毫米,裂片三角形,长1.5-2毫米,先端急尖,边缘膜质,狭窄,光滑,中脉在背面呈脊状突起,并下延至萼筒基部,弯缺截形;花冠深蓝色,外面常具黄绿色宽条纹,漏斗形,长9-14毫米,裂片卵形,长2-2.5毫米,先端急尖或钝,褶卵形,长1.5-2毫米,先端钝,全缘或边缘啮蚀形;雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部,整齐,花丝丝状,长3-3.5毫米,花药矩圆形,长1-1.5毫米;子房狭椭圆形,长2.5-3.5毫米,两端渐狭,柄粗而短,长1-2毫米,花柱线形,连柱头长1.5-2毫米,柱头2裂,裂片外卷,线形。蒴果外裸,倒卵状矩圆形,长3-4毫米,先端圆形,有宽翅,两侧边缘有狭翅,基部钝,柄长至18毫米;种子褐色,椭圆形,长1-1.2毫米,表面具明显的细网纹。花果期4-8月。
产西藏东部、四川、青海、甘肃、新疆、山西、河北、河南、内蒙古、东北地区。生于河滩、水沟边、山坡草地、山谷潮湿地、沼泽草甸、林间空地及林下、灌丛草甸,海拔1100-4650米。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚。印度、苏联、蒙古、朝鲜也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana pseudoaquatica Kusnezow
假水生龙胆 jia shui sheng long dan
Annuals 3-5 cm tall. Stems ascending, branched from base, densely papillate. Basal leaves withered at anthesis; petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade ovate-orbicular to orbicular, 3-6 × 3-5 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliolate, apex rounded and mucronate, midvein prominent. Stem leaves with petiole tube 1-1.5 mm, margin ciliolate; leaf blade spatulate to obovate, 3-5 × 2-3 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliate, apex rounded, midvein abaxially prominent. Flowers few. Pedicel 2-13 mm, densely papillate. Calyx narrowly obconic, 5-6 mm; lobes triangular, 1.5-2 mm, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, midvein prominent. Corolla dark blue, outside usually with yellow-green stripes, funnelform, 0.9-1.4 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse; plicae ovate, 1.5-2 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex obtuse. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-4 mm; anthers ellipsoid, 1-1.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes linear. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 3-4 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm, stout. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 1-1.2 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Aug.
Along streams, river banks, wet places in valleys, grassland slopes, bog meadows, scrub meadows, forests, clearings in forests; 1100-4700 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xizang [Kashmir, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
别名:鳞叶龙胆;
科名:龙胆科 Gentianaceae
属名:龙胆属 Gentiana
200. 假水生龙胆(中国北部植物图志)图版35:9-10;5:6
Gentiana pseudo-aquatica Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 13: 63. 1893 et 15: 388. 1904; Kom. Fl. Mansh. 3(1):268. 1905;中国北部植物图志2: 37. 图版14. 1933; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 173. 1937; Kitag. in Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3: Append. 1: 359. 1939: K. S. Hao in Bot. Jahrb. 68: 629. 1938; Grossh. in Kom. Fl. URSS 18: 580. 1952; 东北植物检索表285. 1959: S. Nilsson in Grans Palyn. 7(1): 104. 1967; 中国高等植物图鉴3: 395. 1974.李昌福, 大韩植物图鉴625. 1979. ——G. burkillii H. Smith in Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 953. 1936, p. p. quoad spec. Shanxi.——G. aquatica auct. non L. : C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14: 434. 1875, p. p. et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 110. 1883, p. p.; Franch. Pl. David. 1: 211. 1884: Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 123. 1890; Maxim. Diagn. Pl. Nov. Asiat. 8:34. 1893, p. p.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Kusnez. l. c. 15: 379. 1904, p. p. spec. quoad Nordchina.
一年生草本,高3-5厘米。茎紫红色或黄绿色,密被乳突,自基部多分枝,似丛生状,枝再作多次二歧分枝,铺散,斜升。叶先端钝圆或急尖,外反,边缘软骨质,具极细乳突,两面光滑,中脉软骨质,在背面突起;基生叶大,在花期枯萎,宿存,卵圆形或圆形,长3-6毫米,宽3-5毫米,叶柄宽,长1-2毫米;茎生叶疏离或密集,覆瓦状排列,倒卵形或匙形,长3-5毫米,宽2-3毫米,叶柄边缘具乳突,背面光滑,连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花多数,单生于小枝顶端;花梗紫红色或黄绿色,长2-13毫米,藏于上部叶中或裸露;花萼筒状漏斗形,长5-6毫米,裂片三角形,长1.5-2毫米,先端急尖,边缘膜质,狭窄,光滑,中脉在背面呈脊状突起,并下延至萼筒基部,弯缺截形;花冠深蓝色,外面常具黄绿色宽条纹,漏斗形,长9-14毫米,裂片卵形,长2-2.5毫米,先端急尖或钝,褶卵形,长1.5-2毫米,先端钝,全缘或边缘啮蚀形;雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部,整齐,花丝丝状,长3-3.5毫米,花药矩圆形,长1-1.5毫米;子房狭椭圆形,长2.5-3.5毫米,两端渐狭,柄粗而短,长1-2毫米,花柱线形,连柱头长1.5-2毫米,柱头2裂,裂片外卷,线形。蒴果外裸,倒卵状矩圆形,长3-4毫米,先端圆形,有宽翅,两侧边缘有狭翅,基部钝,柄长至18毫米;种子褐色,椭圆形,长1-1.2毫米,表面具明显的细网纹。花果期4-8月。
产西藏东部、四川、青海、甘肃、新疆、山西、河北、河南、内蒙古、东北地区。生于河滩、水沟边、山坡草地、山谷潮湿地、沼泽草甸、林间空地及林下、灌丛草甸,海拔1100-4650米。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚。印度、苏联、蒙古、朝鲜也有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana pseudoaquatica Kusnezow
假水生龙胆 jia shui sheng long dan
Annuals 3-5 cm tall. Stems ascending, branched from base, densely papillate. Basal leaves withered at anthesis; petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade ovate-orbicular to orbicular, 3-6 × 3-5 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliolate, apex rounded and mucronate, midvein prominent. Stem leaves with petiole tube 1-1.5 mm, margin ciliolate; leaf blade spatulate to obovate, 3-5 × 2-3 mm, margin distinctly cartilaginous and ciliate, apex rounded, midvein abaxially prominent. Flowers few. Pedicel 2-13 mm, densely papillate. Calyx narrowly obconic, 5-6 mm; lobes triangular, 1.5-2 mm, margin narrowly membranous, apex acute, midvein prominent. Corolla dark blue, outside usually with yellow-green stripes, funnelform, 0.9-1.4 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse; plicae ovate, 1.5-2 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex obtuse. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-4 mm; anthers ellipsoid, 1-1.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes linear. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 3-4 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm, stout. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 1-1.2 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Aug.
Along streams, river banks, wet places in valleys, grassland slopes, bog meadows, scrub meadows, forests, clearings in forests; 1100-4700 m. Hebei, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xizang [Kashmir, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
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