华南龙胆Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb.
华南龙胆Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb.
244. 华南龙胆(广州植物志)地丁 图版38:4-6
Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb. in DC. Prodr. 9: 108. 1845; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 129. 1890; Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 15: 404. 1904; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 176. 1937;广州植物志557. 1956;中国高等植物图鉴3. 396. 图4745. 1974, p. p.; Liu et Kuo in台湾植物志4: 174. 1978. ——Ericala loureirii G. Don, Gen. Syst. Dichlam. Pl. 4: 192. 1837.——Gentiana indica Steud. Nom. ed. 2, 1: 674. 1840.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 25 (19): 167 (Fl. Mont. Formos. ). 1908.
多年生草本,高3-8厘米。根略肉质,粗壮,根皮易剥落。茎少数丛生,紫红色,直立,密被乳突,有少数分枝。基生叶缺无或发达,在花期不枯萎,莲座状,狭椭圆形,长15-30毫米,宽3.5-5毫米,先端钝,边缘有不明显的软骨质,密生短睫毛,上面具细乳突,下面光滑,中脉细,在下面明显,叶柄宽,边缘密生短睫毛,长4-7毫米;茎生叶疏离,远短于节间,椭圆形或椭圆披针形,长5-7毫米,宽1-2.5毫米,先端钝,边缘有不明显的软骨质,密生短睫毛,上面密被极细乳突,下面光滑,叶柄边缘具短睫毛,背面具乳突,连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花数朵,单生于小枝顶端;花梗紫红色,密被乳突,长5-12毫米,裸露;花萼钟形,长5-6毫米,裂片直立或开展,披针形或线状披针形,长2.5-3.5毫米,先端急尖或钝,具小尖头,边缘有不明显的膜质,密生短睫毛,中脉细,不明显,弯缺狭,楔形;花冠紫色,漏斗形,长12-14毫米,裂片卵形,长2-2.5毫米,先端钝,褶卵状椭圆形,长1-1.5毫米,先端截形,边缘有不整齐不明显的细齿;雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部,整齐,花丝丝状,长4.5-5.5毫米,花药线形,长1.8-2毫米,子房椭圆形,长5-6毫米,两端渐狭,柄长2.5-3毫米,花柱线形,长约2.5毫米,柱头2裂,裂片矩圆形。蒴果倒卵形,先端圆形,有宽翅,两侧边缘有狭翅。花果期2-9月。
产江西、湖南、浙江、福建、广西、广东沿海、台湾。生于山坡路旁、荒山坡及林下,海拔300-2300米。模式标本采自广东。越南也有分布。
形态特征:多年生矮小草本。茎直立,成丛,少分枝,粗糙。叶矩圆状椭圆形或矩圆状披针形。花单生枝端;蒴果倒卵形,压扁状,边缘膜质;种子多数。
分 布:浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西
生 境:丘陵地带或山坡草地
繁殖方式:种子
习 性:阳生
药用部位:全草
药用功能:毒疮、无名肿痛
药用主治:用于毒疮、无名肿痛
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana loureiroi (G. Don) Grisebach
华南龙胆 hua nan long dan
Ericala loureiroi G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 192. 1837; Gentiana pedicellata (Wallich ex D. Don) Grisebach var. rosulata Kusnezow.
Perennials 3-8 cm tall, sometimes with stolons to 2.5 cm. Roots cylindric, fleshy. Stems purple, erect, simple or few branched, loosely cespitose, densely papillate. Basal leaves usually developed; petiole 3-7 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade elliptic, 1.5-3 cm × 3-5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely and minutely papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous, densely minute ciliolate, apex obtuse to acute, often mucronate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Stem leaves widely spaced; petiole 5-8 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic, 4-8 × 1-2.5 mm, shorter than internodes, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely minute papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous and densely minute ciliolate, apex acute, ± cuspidate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Pedicel 4-12 mm, densely papillate. Calyx campanulate, 5-6.5 mm; lobes erect to sometimes spreading, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5-4 mm, margin indistinctly membranous and ciliolate, apex acute and cuspidate, midvein indistinct. Corolla blue to blue-purple, rarely outside pale yellow-green, funnelform, 1-1.7 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse; plicae ovate-orbicular, 1-1.5 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex rounded. Stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-6 mm; anthers 1.8-2.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes narrowly oblong. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 4.5-5.5 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 0.7-0.9 mm. Fl. and fr. Feb-Sep.
Roadside slopes, hillsides, forests; 300-3200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
别名:地丁;蓝花草;紫花地丁;龙胆地丁;卢氏龙胆;蓝花子;蓝花地丁;广地丁;
科名:龙胆科 Gentianaceae
属名:龙胆属 Gentiana
244. 华南龙胆(广州植物志)地丁 图版38:4-6
Gentiana loureirii (G. Don) Griseb. in DC. Prodr. 9: 108. 1845; Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 129. 1890; Kusnez. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 15: 404. 1904; Marq. in Kew Bull. 1937: 176. 1937;广州植物志557. 1956;中国高等植物图鉴3. 396. 图4745. 1974, p. p.; Liu et Kuo in台湾植物志4: 174. 1978. ——Ericala loureirii G. Don, Gen. Syst. Dichlam. Pl. 4: 192. 1837.——Gentiana indica Steud. Nom. ed. 2, 1: 674. 1840.——G. humilis auct. non Stev. : Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 25 (19): 167 (Fl. Mont. Formos. ). 1908.
多年生草本,高3-8厘米。根略肉质,粗壮,根皮易剥落。茎少数丛生,紫红色,直立,密被乳突,有少数分枝。基生叶缺无或发达,在花期不枯萎,莲座状,狭椭圆形,长15-30毫米,宽3.5-5毫米,先端钝,边缘有不明显的软骨质,密生短睫毛,上面具细乳突,下面光滑,中脉细,在下面明显,叶柄宽,边缘密生短睫毛,长4-7毫米;茎生叶疏离,远短于节间,椭圆形或椭圆披针形,长5-7毫米,宽1-2.5毫米,先端钝,边缘有不明显的软骨质,密生短睫毛,上面密被极细乳突,下面光滑,叶柄边缘具短睫毛,背面具乳突,连合成长1-1.5毫米的筒。花数朵,单生于小枝顶端;花梗紫红色,密被乳突,长5-12毫米,裸露;花萼钟形,长5-6毫米,裂片直立或开展,披针形或线状披针形,长2.5-3.5毫米,先端急尖或钝,具小尖头,边缘有不明显的膜质,密生短睫毛,中脉细,不明显,弯缺狭,楔形;花冠紫色,漏斗形,长12-14毫米,裂片卵形,长2-2.5毫米,先端钝,褶卵状椭圆形,长1-1.5毫米,先端截形,边缘有不整齐不明显的细齿;雄蕊着生于冠筒中下部,整齐,花丝丝状,长4.5-5.5毫米,花药线形,长1.8-2毫米,子房椭圆形,长5-6毫米,两端渐狭,柄长2.5-3毫米,花柱线形,长约2.5毫米,柱头2裂,裂片矩圆形。蒴果倒卵形,先端圆形,有宽翅,两侧边缘有狭翅。花果期2-9月。
产江西、湖南、浙江、福建、广西、广东沿海、台湾。生于山坡路旁、荒山坡及林下,海拔300-2300米。模式标本采自广东。越南也有分布。
形态特征:多年生矮小草本。茎直立,成丛,少分枝,粗糙。叶矩圆状椭圆形或矩圆状披针形。花单生枝端;蒴果倒卵形,压扁状,边缘膜质;种子多数。
分 布:浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西
生 境:丘陵地带或山坡草地
繁殖方式:种子
习 性:阳生
药用部位:全草
药用功能:毒疮、无名肿痛
药用主治:用于毒疮、无名肿痛
《Flora of China》 Vol. 16 (1995)
Gentiana loureiroi (G. Don) Grisebach
华南龙胆 hua nan long dan
Ericala loureiroi G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 192. 1837; Gentiana pedicellata (Wallich ex D. Don) Grisebach var. rosulata Kusnezow.
Perennials 3-8 cm tall, sometimes with stolons to 2.5 cm. Roots cylindric, fleshy. Stems purple, erect, simple or few branched, loosely cespitose, densely papillate. Basal leaves usually developed; petiole 3-7 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade elliptic, 1.5-3 cm × 3-5 mm, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely and minutely papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous, densely minute ciliolate, apex obtuse to acute, often mucronate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Stem leaves widely spaced; petiole 5-8 mm, ciliolate; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic, 4-8 × 1-2.5 mm, shorter than internodes, abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely minute papillate, margin indistinctly cartilaginous and densely minute ciliolate, apex acute, ± cuspidate, midvein indistinct or abaxially slender. Pedicel 4-12 mm, densely papillate. Calyx campanulate, 5-6.5 mm; lobes erect to sometimes spreading, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 2.5-4 mm, margin indistinctly membranous and ciliolate, apex acute and cuspidate, midvein indistinct. Corolla blue to blue-purple, rarely outside pale yellow-green, funnelform, 1-1.7 cm; lobes ovate, 2-2.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse; plicae ovate-orbicular, 1-1.5 mm, margin entire or denticulate, apex rounded. Stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube, equal; filaments 3-6 mm; anthers 1.8-2.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes narrowly oblong. Capsules narrowly obovoid to obovoid, 4.5-5.5 mm; gynophore to 1.8 cm. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, 0.7-0.9 mm. Fl. and fr. Feb-Sep.
Roadside slopes, hillsides, forests; 300-3200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
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