云南娑罗双Shorea assamica Dyer
云南娑罗双Shorea assamica Dyer
1.云南娑罗双（云南植物研究）图版33
Shores assamica Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. l: 307. 1874: Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. 31: 85. 1895: Brandis in Ind. Trees 70. 1905; P. C. Kanjilal et A. Das in Fl. Assam 1: 136. 1934; Sym. in Malay. For. Rec. 16: 97. t. 15 (1). 19 74 (reprinted) ; T. Smitinand in Thai For. Bull. 12: 70. 1980.
乔木，高40-50米，具白色芳香树脂；树皮深褐色或灰褐色，呈不规则的鳞片状剥落。小枝密被灰黄色茸毛，具圆形皮孔。叶近革质，全缘，卵状椭圆形或琴形，长6-12厘米，宽3-6厘米，先端渐尖，基部圆形或微心形，中脉明显凹陷，凹陷部分具长绒毛，侧脉12-19对，羽状，具明显的网脉；叶柄长约1厘米，密被灰黄色的绒毛；托叶长圆形或镰状卵形，长约2厘米，具纵脉10-11条，密被灰黄色的茸毛。花萼裂片5枚，覆瓦状排列，外面3枚椭圆形，长约8毫米，内面2枚为披针形，长约6毫米，均被灰黄色的绒毛；花瓣5枚，黄白色，旋转排列，长椭圆形，具纵脉11条，外面具贴生的绒毛；雄蕊30枚，两轮排列，花药卵形，药隔附属体丝状，长约3毫米；子房3室，被疏毛，花柱细柱状，柱头3裂。果实具增大的3长2短的翅或近等长的翅，长的为线状长圆形，长8-10厘米，宽约1.5厘米，具纵脉10-l4条，短的为线状披针形，长3-5厘米，均被短绒毛，基部变宽包围果实。花期6-7月，果期12-1月。
产云南西部和西藏东南部。生于低热河谷地区，海拔1000米以下。印度、缅甸、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Shorea assamica Dyer
云南娑罗双 yun nan suo luo shuang
Shorea assamica Dyer subsp. yingjiangensis Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu; S. siamensis Miquel var. borealis Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu.
Trees evergreen, emergent, to 50 m tall, with aromatic white resin smears. Bark dark brown or grayish brown, irregularly exfoliating in scales; inner bark laminated; wood pale, not hard. Branchlets densely grayish yellow tomentose, orbicular lenticellate. Stipules oblong or falcate-ovate, ca. 2 cm, longitudinally 10- or 11-veined, densely grayish yellow tomentose, persistent on juveniles; petiole ca. 1 cm, densely yellow tomentose; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, 6-12 × 3-6 cm, thinly leathery, midvein raised abaxially and conspicuously impressed adaxially, lateral veins 12-19 pairs, pinnate, slender, tertiary veins loosely scalariform and conspicuous, abaxially stellate pubescent, adaxially tomentose along midvein, base rounded or slightly cordate, margin entire, apex acuminate. Flowers in axillary or terminal cymose panicles; bracts caducous. Sepals: outer 3 elliptic and ca. 8 mm, inner 2 lanceolate and ca. 6 mm, all grayish yellow tomentose. Petals yellowish white, contorted, narrowly oblong, longitudinally 11-veined, appressed tomentose outside. Stamens 15; anthers ellipsoid, glabrous; connective appendages filiform, ca. 3 mm glabrous. Ovary ovoid, sparsely pubescent; nut to 1.5 × 1.5 cm; style narrowly cylindric; stigma 3-lobed. Sepal lobes winglike; long wings linear-oblong, 8-10 × ca. 1.5 cm, longitudinally 10-14-veined, short wings linear-lanceolate, 3-5 cm; all tomentellate. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Dec-Jan of following year.
Tropical valley forests; below 1000 m. SE Xizang, W Yunnan [India, Indonesia (Sumatra), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand].
This is a rare species in China, threatened by habitat loss. Shorea assamica subsp. globifera (Ridley) Symington accounts for the extra-Chinese distribution.
别名：阿萨姆娑罗双;婆罗双树;黄云香;娑罗双树;
科名：龙脑香科 Dipterocarpaceae
属名：娑罗双属 Shorea
1.云南娑罗双（云南植物研究）图版33
Shores assamica Dyer in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. l: 307. 1874: Brandis in Journ. Linn. Soc. 31: 85. 1895: Brandis in Ind. Trees 70. 1905; P. C. Kanjilal et A. Das in Fl. Assam 1: 136. 1934; Sym. in Malay. For. Rec. 16: 97. t. 15 (1). 19 74 (reprinted) ; T. Smitinand in Thai For. Bull. 12: 70. 1980.
乔木，高40-50米，具白色芳香树脂；树皮深褐色或灰褐色，呈不规则的鳞片状剥落。小枝密被灰黄色茸毛，具圆形皮孔。叶近革质，全缘，卵状椭圆形或琴形，长6-12厘米，宽3-6厘米，先端渐尖，基部圆形或微心形，中脉明显凹陷，凹陷部分具长绒毛，侧脉12-19对，羽状，具明显的网脉；叶柄长约1厘米，密被灰黄色的绒毛；托叶长圆形或镰状卵形，长约2厘米，具纵脉10-11条，密被灰黄色的茸毛。花萼裂片5枚，覆瓦状排列，外面3枚椭圆形，长约8毫米，内面2枚为披针形，长约6毫米，均被灰黄色的绒毛；花瓣5枚，黄白色，旋转排列，长椭圆形，具纵脉11条，外面具贴生的绒毛；雄蕊30枚，两轮排列，花药卵形，药隔附属体丝状，长约3毫米；子房3室，被疏毛，花柱细柱状，柱头3裂。果实具增大的3长2短的翅或近等长的翅，长的为线状长圆形，长8-10厘米，宽约1.5厘米，具纵脉10-l4条，短的为线状披针形，长3-5厘米，均被短绒毛，基部变宽包围果实。花期6-7月，果期12-1月。
产云南西部和西藏东南部。生于低热河谷地区，海拔1000米以下。印度、缅甸、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾等有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Shorea assamica Dyer
云南娑罗双 yun nan suo luo shuang
Shorea assamica Dyer subsp. yingjiangensis Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu; S. siamensis Miquel var. borealis Y. K. Yang & J. K. Wu.
Trees evergreen, emergent, to 50 m tall, with aromatic white resin smears. Bark dark brown or grayish brown, irregularly exfoliating in scales; inner bark laminated; wood pale, not hard. Branchlets densely grayish yellow tomentose, orbicular lenticellate. Stipules oblong or falcate-ovate, ca. 2 cm, longitudinally 10- or 11-veined, densely grayish yellow tomentose, persistent on juveniles; petiole ca. 1 cm, densely yellow tomentose; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, 6-12 × 3-6 cm, thinly leathery, midvein raised abaxially and conspicuously impressed adaxially, lateral veins 12-19 pairs, pinnate, slender, tertiary veins loosely scalariform and conspicuous, abaxially stellate pubescent, adaxially tomentose along midvein, base rounded or slightly cordate, margin entire, apex acuminate. Flowers in axillary or terminal cymose panicles; bracts caducous. Sepals: outer 3 elliptic and ca. 8 mm, inner 2 lanceolate and ca. 6 mm, all grayish yellow tomentose. Petals yellowish white, contorted, narrowly oblong, longitudinally 11-veined, appressed tomentose outside. Stamens 15; anthers ellipsoid, glabrous; connective appendages filiform, ca. 3 mm glabrous. Ovary ovoid, sparsely pubescent; nut to 1.5 × 1.5 cm; style narrowly cylindric; stigma 3-lobed. Sepal lobes winglike; long wings linear-oblong, 8-10 × ca. 1.5 cm, longitudinally 10-14-veined, short wings linear-lanceolate, 3-5 cm; all tomentellate. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Dec-Jan of following year.
Tropical valley forests; below 1000 m. SE Xizang, W Yunnan [India, Indonesia (Sumatra), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand].
This is a rare species in China, threatened by habitat loss. Shorea assamica subsp. globifera (Ridley) Symington accounts for the extra-Chinese distribution.
