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野茼蒿Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore

野茼蒿Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore

别名:redflower ragleaf;宣伟草;野蒿茼;昭和草;满天飞;飞花菜;东风菜;革命草;革命蒿;民革菜;啪亚裸;野筒蒿;野蒿筒属;革命菜;草命菜;野木耳菜;凉干药;啪哑裸;野青菜;关冬委妞;灯笼草;胖头芋;一点红;

科名:菊科 Compositae

属名:野茼蒿属 Crassocephalum

《中国植物志》第77(1)卷304页
  1. 野茼蒿 草命菜 图版67: 1-2
  Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore in Journ. Bot. Btit. For. 50: 211. 1912; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiw. Mus. 19: 205. 1966; 西藏植物志 4: 804. 图354. 1988; 贵州植物志 9: 224. 1989. 横断山区维管植物下册: 2102. 1994.——Gynura crepidioides Benth. in Hook. f. Fl. Niger. 438. 1849.; 海南植物志3: 417. 1974; 中国高等植物图鉴 4: 550. 图6514. 1975.
  直立草本,高20-120厘米,茎有纵条棱,无毛叶膜质,椭圆形或长圆状椭圆形,长7-12厘米,宽4-5厘米,顶端渐尖,基部楔形,边缘有不规则锯齿或重锯齿,或有时基部羽状裂,两面无或近无毛;叶柄长2-2.5厘米。头状花序数个在茎端排成伞房状,直径约3厘米,总苞钟状,长1-1.2厘米,基部截形,有数枚不等长的线形小苞片;总苞片1层,线状披针形,等长,宽约1.5毫米,具狭膜质边缘,顶端有簇状毛,小花全部管状,两性,花冠红褐色或橙红色,檐部5齿裂,花柱基部呈小球状,分枝,顶端尖,被乳头状毛。瘦果狭圆柱形,赤红色,有肋,被毛;冠毛极多数,白色,绢毛状,易脱落。花期7-12月。
  产江西、福建、湖南、湖北、广东、广西、贵州、云南、四川、西藏。山坡路旁、水边、灌丛中常见,海拔300-1800米。泰国、东南亚和非洲也有。是一种在泛热带广泛分布的一种杂草。
  全草入药,有健脾、消肿之功效,治消化不良、脾虚浮肿等症。嫩叶是一种味美的野菜。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Crassocephalum crepidioides  (Bentham) S. Moore J. Bot. 50: 211. 1912.
野茼蒿   ye tong hao
Gynura crepidioides Bentham in Hooker, Niger Fl. 438. 1849.
Plants erect, 20-120 cm tall. Stems striate, glabrous. Leaf petiole 2-2.5 cm; blade elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 7-12 × 4-5 cm, membranous, both surfaces glabrous or subglabrous, base cuneate, margin irregularly serrate or double-serrate, sometimes pinnately lobed at base, apex acuminate. Capitula several to numerous in terminal corymbiform cymes, shortly pedunculate, 3-5 mm in diam. Involucres cylindric, 1-1.2 cm, basally truncate, with few unequal linear bracteoles; bracts of calyculus 6-21, 2-6 mm; phyllaries uniseriate, linear-lanceolate, equal, ca. 1.5 mm wide, margin narrowly scarious, apically puberulent. Florets tubular, bisexual; corolla red-brownish or orange, rarely yellow, 8-10 mm; lobes 5, ca. 1 mm. Style branches acute, papillose. Achenes brownish, narrowly oblong, 1.8-2.3 mm, ribbed, hairy. Pappus 7-13 mm, early deciduous. Fl. Jul-Dec.
Slopes, roadsides, streamsides, thickets; 300-1800 m. ?Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Hubei, ?Jiangsu, Jiangxi, ?Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, ?Zhejiang [native to Africa; pantropical weed of Africa, S and SE Asia, Australia, Central and South America, and Pacific islands].
Crassocephalum crepidioides is used medicinally to invigorate the spleen and treat indigestion; the young leaves are an edible wild vegetable.Crassocephalum crepidioides is used medicinally to invigorate the spleen and treat indigestion; the young leaves are an edible wild vegetable.

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