青蒿Artemisia carvifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.

别名：白染艮;草蒿;廪蒿;邪蒿;香蒿;黄花蒿;

科名：菊科 Compositae

属名：蒿属 Artemisia

《中国植物志》第76(2)卷060页
  39. 青蒿（植物学大辞典）草蒿[ 神农本草经（部分）］，廪蒿（日本植物图鉴），茵陈蒿（汉英韻府），邪蒿（救荒本草、野菜博录），香蒿（俗称），苹蒿（吉林），黑蒿（山东），白染艮（福建）
  Artemisia carvifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. Hort. Beng. 61. 1814, nom. nud., Fl. Ind. 3: 422. 1832; Bess. in Nuov. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 3: 81. 1834: DC. Prodr. 6: 119. 1837; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 324. 1881 (caruifolia); Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 3(5): 587. 1924: Pamp in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 34: 648. 1927 et 46: 559. 1939, incl. var. typica Pamp. et var. apiacea (Hance) Pamp.: Ling in Contr. Inst. Bot. Nat. Acad. Peip. 2(10). 516. 1934, incl. var. a piacea Pamp.; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 12: 282. 1938; S. Y. Hu in Quart. Journ. Taiwan Mus. 18(1-2): 128. 1965.——A. apiacea Hance in Walp. Ann. 2: 895. 1852; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 441. 1888; Nakai, Fl. Kor. 2: 30. 1911 et Fl.Sylv. Kor. 14: 99. 1923; Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 423. 1939; Kitam. in Mem. Coll.Sci. Kyoto Univ. ser B. 15(3): 390. 1940; 广州植物志538. 1956; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 119.1956; 东北植物检索表386,图版133. 图5. 1959; 江苏南部种子植物手册783,图1264. 1959; S. Y. Hu l. c. 18(1-2): 123. 1965; Noda, Fl. N.-E. Prov. (Manch.) China 1209. 1971;中国高等植物图鉴4: 530, 图6474.1975; Y. R. Ling in Bull. Bot. Res. 2(2): 23. 1982. ——A. thunbergiana Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. Petersb. 8: 528. 1872; Komar. Fl. Mansh. 3: 600. 1907. ——A. abrotanum auct., non Linn.: Thunb. Fl. Jap. 309. 1784.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Artemisia caruifolia  Buchanan-Hamilton ex Roxburgh Fl. Ind., ed. 1832,. 1832.
青蒿   qing hao
Herbs, annual or biennial, 30-150 cm, much branched, glabrous. Basal and lowermost stem leaves usually withering before anthesis. Middle stem leaves: petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade oblong, oblong-ovate, or elliptic, 5-15 × 2-5.5 cm, abaxially green, 2- or 3-pinnatisect; segments 4-6 pairs, pectinate or lanceolate; lobules pectinate, acutely or acuminately serrate; rachis serrate. Uppermost leaves and leaflike bracts 1(or 2)-pinnatisect and pectinatisect. Synflorescence a moderately broad panicle. Capitula many; peduncle slender, 2-6 mm, nodding. Involucre hemispheric, 3.5-7 mm in diam.; phyllaries oblong, radiately spreading or not, scarious margin yellow. Marginal female florets 10-20; corolla ca. 1.5 mm. Disk florets 30-40, bisexual; corolla yellowish, ca. 1.8 mm. Achenes oblong or ellipsoid, ca. 1 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep.
Riverbanks, floodlands, waysides, outer forest margins, canyons, coastal beaches; low to high elevations. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, S Shaanxi, Shandong, E Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [N India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, N Vietnam].
The epithet of this species has been given both as "caruifolia" and as "carvifolia" and is based on the similarity of the leaves to those of Carum carvi Linnaeus (Apiaceae). Both forms are therefore orthographically correct, depending on whether they are based on the genus name or the species epithet, and there is no case for regarding either as an orthographical error. The protologue actually gives the spelling as "carnifolia." It seems rather likely that the "n" is an upside-down "u" and that the correct spelling should be "caruifolia."The epithet of this species has been given both as "caruifolia" and as "carvifolia" and is based on the similarity of the leaves to those of Carum carvi Linnaeus (Apiaceae). Both forms are therefore orthographically correct, depending on whether they are based on the genus name or the species epithet, and there is no case for regarding either as an orthographical error. The protologue actually gives the spelling as "carnifolia." It seems rather likely that the "n" is an upside-down "u" and that the correct spelling should be "caruifolia."

《中国药典》:青蒿

【拼音名】 Qīnɡ Hāo
【英文名】 HERBA ARTEMISIAE ANNUAE
【别名】 蒿子、臭蒿、香蒿、苦蒿、臭青蒿、香青蒿、细叶蒿、细青蒿、草青蒿、草蒿子
【来源】 本品为菊科植物黄花蒿Artemisia annua L.的干燥地上部分。秋季花盛开时采割，除去老茎，阴干。
【性状】 本品茎呈圆柱形，上部多分枝，长30～80cm，直径0.2～0.6cm；表面黄绿色或棕黄色，具纵棱线；质略硬，易折断，断面中部有髓。叶互生，暗绿色或棕绿色，卷缩易碎，完整者展平后为三回羽状深裂，裂片及小裂片矩圆形或长椭圆形，两面被短毛。气香特异，味微苦。
【鉴别】 取本品粉末3g，加石油醚（60～90℃）50ml，加热回流1 小时，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加正己烷30ml使溶解，用20％乙腈溶液提取3 次，每次10ml，合并乙腈液，蒸干，残渣加乙醇0。5ml 使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取青蒿素对照品，加乙醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（附录Ⅵ B）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶Ｇ薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）－乙醚（3:2） 为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10％硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃ 加热至斑点显色清晰，置紫外光灯（365nm） 下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
【炮制】 除去杂质，喷淋清水，稍润，切段，晒干。
【性味】 苦、辛，寒。
【归经】 归肝、胆经。
【功能主治】 清热解暑，除蒸，截疟。用于暑邪发热，阴虚发热，夜热早凉，骨蒸劳热，疟疾寒热，湿热黄疸。
【用法用量】 6～12g，入煎剂宜后下。
【贮藏】 置阴凉干燥处。
【备注】 （1）常与藿香、佩兰、滑石等用于外感暑热；和黄芩、半夏、竹茹等用于温热病寒热往来及疟疾等症。用于阴虚发热或原因不明的低热，常和秦艽、鳖甲、地骨皮等同用。
【摘录】 《中国药典》