卫矛Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb.

别名：鬼箭羽、四稜树、干篦子

科名：卫矛科 Celastraceae

属名：卫矛属 Euonymus

《中国植物志》第45(3)卷063页
  81．卫矛（本草经）鬼箭羽
  Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb. in Verh. Batav. Genoot. Kunst. Wetensch. 12: 49. 1830; et Pl. Oecon. Jap. 49. 1830; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 307. 1939; Blakel. in Kew Bull. 1951: 239. 1951; 崔友文, 华北经济植物志274. 1953;陈封怀等, 植物分类学报3 (2): 235. 1954;中国高等植物图鉴2: 677.图3083. 1972; 湖北植物志426.图1356. 1979. ——Celastrus alatus Thunb., Fl. Jap. 100. 1786. ——Euonymus thunbergianus Blume, Bijdr. 1147. 1826.——E. alatus Rupr in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 15: 135. 1856. in obs.——E. alatus var. apterus Regel, Tent. Fl. Ussur. 40. 1861; 陈嵘, 中国树木学分类学, 修订版, 663. 1953; 江苏南部种子植物手册, 453.图737. 1959.
形态特征：灌木，高达3米；小枝四棱形，棱上常生有扁条状木栓翅，翅宽达1厘米。叶对生，窄倒卵形或椭圆形，长2-6厘米，宽1.5-3.5厘米；叶柄极短或近无柄。聚伞花序有3-9花，总花梗长1-1.5厘米；花淡绿色，直径5-7毫米，4数，花盘肥厚方形，雄蕊具短花丝。蒴果4深裂，有时仅1-3心皮成熟成分离裂瓣，裂瓣长卵形，棕色带紫；种子每裂瓣1-2，紫棕色，有橙红色假种皮。
分    布：长江中、下游各省至吉林
生    境：栽培
繁殖方式：种子
习    性：阳生
药用部位：全草
药用功能：通经、杀虫、破血
药用主治：通经、杀虫、破血

《Flora of China》 Vol. 11 (2008)
Euonymus alatus  (Thunberg) Siebold
卫矛   wei mao
Celastrus alatus Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 237. 1784; C. striatus Thunberg; Euonymus alatus var. ellipticus Chen H. Wang; E. alatus var. microphyllus Chen H. Wang; E. alatus var. pilosus Loesener & Rehder; E. alatus var. pubescens Maximowicz; E. ellipticus (Chen H. Wang) C. Y. Cheng; E. striatus (Thunberg) Loesener; E. verrucosus Scopoli var. tchefouensis Debeaux.
Deciduous shrubs, 1-4 m tall; young branches usually with 2 or 4 winglike corks, wings up to 5 mm wide, 1-2 mm thick, twigs 4-angled, green or brown when dry. Petiole sessile or very short, 2-4 mm; leaf blade thinly leathery to papery, obovate or obovate-elliptic, sometimes ovate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 4.5-10 × 2-4 cm, base cuneate or attenuate, margin crenulate to serrulate, apex acute, acuminate, or even caudate; lateral veins 5-7 pairs, curving forward and disappearing before reaching margin. Peduncle slender and short, 1-2 cm, typically 1 dichotomous branch with 3 flowers, rarely 2 branches with more flowers; pedicel slender, 5-7 mm. Flowers 4-merous, ca. 9 mm in diam.; sepals suborbicular; petals green, light yellow, or greenish yellow, ovate, base attenuate. Capsule reddish brown when fresh, dark brown or gray when dry, 4-lobed, 1-1.3 cm in diam., only 1-3 lobes developing, lobes ovoid. Aril bright red. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Jul-Nov.
Forests, woodlands, scrub; near sea level to 2700 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guangdong, ?Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, ?Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (Sakhalin); cultivated in Europe and North America].
This species is widespread, not only as a common shrub in the distribution area but also as a cultivated ornamental in the Old and New Worlds. The leaves change from pinkish to reddish and even purple in late autumn. The distribution reports from Guangxi and Yunnan have not been confirmed.

【拼音名】 Wèi Máo
【别名】 鬼箭羽、麻药[广东]、八树[陕西]、篦梳风[湖南]
【来源】 卫矛科卫矛属植物卫矛Euonymus alatus （Thunb.） Sieb.，以根，带翅的枝及叶入药。全年采根，夏秋采带翅的枝及叶，晒干。
【性味】 苦，寒。
【功能主治】 行血通经，散瘀止痛。用于月经不调，产后淤血腹痛，跌打损伤肿痛。
【用法用量】 1～3钱。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》