夜花蝇子草Silene noctiflora Linn.

别名：夜花女娄菜;nightflowering silene;

科名：石竹科 Caryophyllaceae

属名：蝇子草属 Silene

《中国植物志》第26卷398页
  109. 夜花蝇子草（中国高等植物图鉴补编） 夜花女娄菜（拉汉种子植物名称）图版103：1-7
  Silene noctiflora L. , Sp. Pl. 419. 1753; Chater et Walters in Tutin et al. Fl. Eurod. 1: 174. 1964;中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 331.图8573. 1982. ——Melandrium noctiflorum (L.) Fries in Lindbl. Bot. Notis 10. 1843; Krylov, Fl. Sib. Occid. 5: 1080. 1931; Schischk. Kom. Fl. USSR 6: 712. 1936; Байтенов и Павπов в Павπов, Φπ. Каэахст. 3: 399. 1960.——Elisanthe noctiflora (L.) Rupr. , Fl. Cauc. 201. 1869.
  一年生草本，高50-90厘米，全株被白色节状长柔毛。主根稍木质。茎直立，不分枝或稀疏分枝，上部常被腺毛。基生叶叶片长椭圆状倒卵形，长5-11厘米，宽2-4厘米，基部渐狭成柄状，半抱茎，顶端急尖，两面被长柔毛，中脉和侧脉明显；上部茎生叶叶片长椭圆形或披针形，近无柄。二歧聚伞花序疏松，具数花，被柔毛和腺毛；花两性，直径约15毫米；花梗直立，比花萼短；苞片披针形，被柔毛；花萼筒状，长20-25 (-30) 毫米，直径约5毫米，被腺柔毛，后期膨大成椭圆形，口微收缩，纵脉10条，紫色，微网结状，萼齿狭披针形，长8-10毫米；雌雄蕊柄长约2毫米；花瓣淡红色，下面带淡黄色，长约25毫米，爪微露出花萼，狭倒披针形，无毛，耳三角形，瓣片轮廓倒卵形，长约6毫米，深2裂达瓣片的1/2或2/3，裂片全缘或微啮蚀状；副花冠片小，卵形，具2-4齿；雄蕊不外露，花丝无毛；花柱3，微外露。蒴果卵形，长15-18毫米，比宿存萼短；种子肾形，长约1毫米，黑褐色。2n = 24。花期6-7月，果期7-8月。
  产新疆（伊宁和阿勒泰地区）。生于海拔1 300-1 800米的草地。伊朗、哈萨克和俄罗斯（西西伯利亚）以及欧洲也有。模式标本采自欧洲。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 6 (2001)
Silene noctiflora  Linnaeus
夜花蝇子草   ye hua ying zi cao
Elisanthe noctiflora (Linnaeus) Ruprecht; Melandrium noctiflorum (Linnaeus) Fries.
Herbs annual, 30--50(--90) cm tall, densely shortly pubescent. Primary root slightly lignified. Stems erect, simple or sparsely branched, apically glandular hairy. Basal leaves long elliptic-obovate, 5--11 × 2--4 cm, both surfaces villous, midvein and lateral veins prominent, base attenuate into short petiole, half clasping, apex acute; distal leaves subsessile, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate. Dichasial cymes few flowered, glandular hairy; flowers bisexual, ca. 1.5 cm in diam. Pedicel erect, shorter than calyx; bracts lanceolate, glandular hairy. Calyx tubular, 2--2.5(--3) cm × ca. 5 mm, glandular hairy, inflated and ellipsoid at late anthesis, slightly constricted at apex; longitudinal veins 10, violet, reticulate; calyx teeth narrowly lanceolate, 8--10 mm. Androgynophore ca. 2 mm. Petals ca. 2.5 cm; claws slightly exserted beyond calyx, narrowly oblanceolate, glabrous, auricles triangular; limbs pale pink, yellowish below, obovate, ca. 6 mm, deeply bifid to 1/2 to 2/3 of limbs; lobes entire or slightly erose, inrolled at daylight; coronal scales ovoid, small, 2--4-toothed. Stamens included; filaments glabrous. Styles 3, slightly exserted. Capsule ovoid, 1.5--1.8 cm, shorter than calyx. Seeds dark brown, reniform, ca. 1 mm. Fl. Jun--Jul, fr. Jul--Aug. 2n = 24.
Grasslands; 1300--1800 m. Xinjiang (N of Tian Shan) [Kazakhstan, Russia; SW Asia, Europe].