大萼党参Codonopsis macrocalyx Diels

科名：桔梗科 Campanulaceae

属名：党参属 Codonopsis

《中国植物志》第73(2)卷048页
  15．大萼党参（中国高等植物图鉴）
  Codonopsis macrocalyx Diels, Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 5: 170. 1912, et 17: 84. 1929; Fletcher, Bot. Mag. 167: pl. 94. f. 1, 1950; 中国高等植物图鉴, 4: 379. 774. 图6171. 1975; 沈联德等, 植物分类学报, 13 (3): 56. 54. 图版5. 图12. 1975. p. p. ——C. macrocalyx var. parviloba Anthony Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 15: 183. 1926.
  茎基具多数瘤状茎痕，根常肥大呈圆锥状或圆柱状，较少分枝，或中部以下略有分枝，长20-30厘米，直径1.5-2.5厘米，表面灰黄色，上部有稀疏环纹，下部则疏生横长皮孔。茎直立，攀援状，或蔓生，长可达1-2米，直径3-4毫米，主茎明显有分枝，侧枝及小枝具叶，不育或顶端着花，表面绿色或黄绿色，疏生短柔毛。叶互生或在侧枝上近于对生；叶柄长1-6厘米，被疏柔毛；叶片宽卵形、三角状卵形、卵形或卵状披针形，长3-9厘米，宽1.5-7厘米，顶端急尖或钝，基部楔形或较圆钝，不规则羽状深裂至浅裂或边缘具粗钝锯齿、浅波状锯齿或偶近全缘，上面绿色，疏生短柔毛，下面灰白色，被密或疏的短柔毛。花顶生，花梗长，疏生柔毛；花萼贴生至子房中部，筒部具10条明显辐射脉，近无毛或被疏柔毛，裂片间湾缺尖狭，裂片卵形，长1.3-2.0 (2.5) 厘米，宽0.5-1.2 (1.5) 厘米，顶端急尖或钝，边缘有波状疏锯齿及缘毛，两面则近于无毛；花冠管状，长2-4厘米，直径1.5-2厘米，黄绿色，基部微带褐红色，无毛，浅裂，裂片三角形，顶端急尖；雄蕊被柔毛，花丝基部微扩大，长约0.6-1厘米，花药长约5-6毫米。种子卵状，无翼，细小，棕黄色，无毛。花果期7-10月。
  产西藏东南部、云南西北部、四川西部，缅甸北部也有分布。生于海拔2800-3700米间的山地草坡、沟边、林边或灌丛中。模式标本采自云南西北部。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Codonopsis benthamii  J. D. Hooker & Thomson J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 14. 1857.
大萼党参   da e dang shen
Codonopsis macrocalyx Diels; C. macrocalyx var. coerulescens Handel-Mazzetti; C. macrocalyx var. parviloba J. Anthony.
Roots carrot-shaped or cylindrical, 20-30 × 1.5-2.5 cm. Stems erect, climbing, or ascending, up to 2 m, branched; branches and branchlets leafy, sterile or with a terminal flower, sparsely puberulent. Leaves alternate or those on branches subopposite; petiole 1-6 cm, sparsely villous; blade abaxially gray-white, adaxially green, broadly ovate, triangular-ovate, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 3-9 × 1.5-7 cm, abaxially sparsely or densely puberulent, adaxially sparsely puberulent, base truncate, cuneate, or rounded, margin irregularly pinnatifid to shallowly lobed, or dentate, crenate, or rarely subentire, apex acute or obtuse. Flowers terminal, long pedicellate; pedicels villous or occasionally subglabrous. Calyx tube adnate to ovary up to middle, 10-ribbed, glabrous or sparsely villous; lobes ovate or deltoid, 10-25 × 5-15 mm, both surfaces glabrous, margin crenulate, ciliate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse; sinus between lobes narrow and pointed. Corolla yellow-green, pale brown-red at base, tubular, 2-4 × 1.5-2 cm, glabrous, shallowly lobed; lobes triangular, apex acute. Stamens villous; filaments slightly dilated at base, 6-10 mm; anthers 5-6 mm. Capsule 1.2-1.6 cm in diam. Seeds brown-yellow, ovoid, wingless. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Grassy slopes, forest margins, scrub, by streams; 2800-3700 m. W Sichuan (Baoxing, Muli), SE Xizang (Markam, Yadong, Zayü), NW Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, N Myanmar, Nepal].