长江蹄盖蕨Athyrium iseanum Rosenst.

别名：大地柏枝;柯氏蹄盖蕨;江南蹄盖蕨;细叶蹄盖蕨;山柏;

科名：蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae

属名：蹄盖蕨属 Athyrium

《中国植物志》第3(2)卷263页
  117. 长江蹄盖蕨（中国高等植物图鉴）细叶蹄盖蕨（台湾植物志，第二版）、武夷山蹄盖蕨（西北植物学报）
  Athyrium iseanum Rosenst. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 13: 124. 1913; C. Chr., Ind. Fil. Suppl. 2: 7. 1917 et 3: 42. 1934; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Ill. t. 174. 1944; Tagawa in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2: 14. 1933 et Col. Ill. Jap. Pterid. 128, 183, t. 50, f. 278. 1959; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. Pterid. 117. 1957; et Fl. Jap. 83. 1965; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 181, f. 362. 1972; Nakaike, Enum. Pterid. Jap. 133. 1975 et New Fl. Jap. Pterid. 283, cum f. a, b. 1982 et l. c. Rev. Enl. 1992; Y. L. Chang et al., Sporae Pterid. Sin. 209, t. 42, f. 16, 20. 1976; 江苏植物志上册: 38, 图47. 1977; Fl. Fujian. 1: 115, t. 104. 1982; Ching et S. K. Wu in C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizang. 1: 138. 1983; 安徽植物志1: 97, 图88. 1983; Shing in J. F. Cheng et G. F. Zhu, Fl. Jiangxi 1: 144-145, f. 125. 1993; C. F. Zhang in C. F. Zhang et S. Y. Zhang, Fl. Zhejiang 1: 144, f. 1-148. 1993; W. C. Shieh et al. in T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwan 2nd ed. 1: 422. 1994; S. F. Wu in W. T. Wang, Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mount. 32. 1995. ——Athyrium filix-femina var. filipes Christ in Bull. Soc. France 52: 46. 1905.——Athyrium goeringianum auct. non (Kunze) Moore 1860: Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 4: 668. 1896; Matsum. Ind. Pl. Jap. 1: 294. 1904; Nakai, Fl. Kor. 2: 405. 1911; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. 2: t. 58. 1929; Ching in Hu et Ching, Ic. Fil. Sin. 3: t. 110. 1935; DeVol in Not. Chin. Mus. Hedue 7: 98. 1945; 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 蕨类植物门 111-112, 图142. 1957; DeVol et C. M. Kuo in H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 450. 1975. ——Athyrium sp. Wu, Wong et Pong in Bull. Dept. Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. No. 3. 138, t. 60. 1932. ——Athyrium strigillosum auct. non Moore 1858: C. Chr. in Wu, Wong et Pong in Bull. Dept. Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. no. 6. 10. 1933; DeVol, Ferns East Centr. China in Notes Bot. Chin. Mus. Heude no. 7. 98. 1945. ——Athyrium nigripes auct. non Moore 1858: Ching in Y. L. Chang et al., Sporae Pterid. Sin. 210, t. 42, f. 17-18. 1976. ——Athyrium wuyishanense Ching in Ching et Hsieh in Acta Bot. Bor. -Occ. Sin. 6 (2): 104. 1986.
种中文名：长江蹄盖蕨
种拉丁名：Athyrium iseanum Rosenst.
科中文名：蹄盖蕨科
科拉丁名：Athyriaceae
属中文名：蹄盖蕨属
属拉丁名：Athyrium

【药 名】：长江蹄盖蕨

【拼 音】：CHANGJIANGTIGAIJUE

【来 源】：为蹄盖蕨科植物长江蹄盖蕨的全草。

【功 效】：1.清热解毒 2.凉血止血。

【主 治】：用治疮毒，鼻衄、痢疾。

【性味归经】：苦、凉。肝、肺、心、大肠四经。

【用法用量】：内服：煎汤，3一9克。

【别 名】：散柏枝、山柏、大寺柏枝(江西)

【动植物资源分布】：分布于长江以南地区及四川等省。

【拉丁名】：长江蹄盖蕨 Athyrium iseanum Ros.

【考 证】：始载于《蕨类名词及名称》。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Athyrium iseanum  Rosenstock Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 124. 1913.
长江蹄盖蕨   chang jiang ti gai jue
Rhizomes short, erect, apex densely clothed with brown, lanceolate scales. Fronds caespitose; fertile fronds 25-70 cm; stipe blackish brown, upward pale green-stramineous, 10-25 cm, 1-2.5 mm in diam., base similarly scaly, upward glabrate; lamina 2-pinnate-pinnatipartite, oblong or oblong-ovate, (10-) 18-45 × (6-)11-14 cm at middle, base rounded, hardly narrowed, apex acuminate; pinnae 10-20 pairs, alternate, ascending, with stalk 3-4 mm; basal pinnae slightly shortened, 2-5 cm; second basal pinnae lanceolate, 6-10 × 2-2.5 cm at base, base equilateral, subtruncate, pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate, apex long acuminate; pinnules 10-14 pairs, basal pinnules opposite; upper pinnules alternate, ascending, narrowly separate from each other, basal pinnules slightly larger, ovate-oblong, 1-1.3 cm × 4-5 mm at base, base inequilateral, truncate, parallel to costae on acroscopic side, cuneate on basiscopic side, pinnatipartite nearly to costule, apex acute; pinnule segments 4-6 pairs, oblong, acroscopic segments larger than basiscopic segments; basal acroscopic segments largest, with few short teeth; veins visible abaxially, pinnate in lower segments, lateral veins 2 or 3(-5) pairs, upper veins forked. Lamina herbaceous when dried, pale greenish brown, glabrate on both surfaces; rachis and costae stramineous abaxially, with dense short glandular hairs at base of costa, with needlelike spines on adaxial side at base of costa, costule, or midrib. Sori usually oblong, sometimes J-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, or orbicular-reniform, 1 per segment, but 2 or 3 sori in basal acroscopic segments; indusia yellow-brown, polymorphic, membranous, entire, persistent. Perispore surface without folds, with granular ornamentation. 2n = 80, 160.
Valley forests, wet areas; near sea level to 2800 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, S Korea].
Athyrium iseanum differs from related species in the lamina oblong or oblong-ovate; pinnules oblong-ovate, pinnatipartite into 4-6 pairs of segments with few short sharp teeth; prominent needlelike spines present on rachis, costae, costules, and midribs; sori oblong, J-shaped, horseshoe-shaped, or orbicular-reniform, indusia entire; and bulbils absent or present in distal part of rachis and also costa.