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福建细辛Asarum fukienense C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang

福建细辛Asarum fukienense C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang

别名:土细辛;土里开花;马脚蹄;尖叶细辛;薯叶细辛;

科名:马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae

属名:细辛属 Asarum

《中国植物志》第24卷180页
  14.福建细辛(中国高等植物图鉴)土里开花、薯叶细辛(江西、安徽),马脚蹄(福建)图版39:1-6
  Asarum fulkienense C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang in Journ. Arn. Arb. 64: 581. f. 4. 1983.
  多年生草本;根状茎短,根肉质,直径1-2毫米。叶片近革质,三角状卵形或长卵形,长4.5-10厘米,宽4-7厘米,先端急尖或短尖,基部耳状心形,两侧裂片长2-3厘米,宽1.5-3.5厘米,叶面深绿色,偶有白色云斑,仅沿中脉散生短毛,叶背密生黄棕色柔毛;叶柄长7-17厘米,被黄色柔毛;芽苞叶卵形,长约10毫米,宽5毫米,背面和边缘密生柔毛。花绿紫色;花梗长1-2.5厘米,密生棕黄色柔毛,通常向下弯垂;花被管圆筒状,长约1.5厘米,直径1厘米,外面被黄色柔毛,喉部不缢缩或稍缢缩,无膜环,内壁有纵行脊状皱褶,花被裂片阔卵形,长约5毫米,宽约10毫米,开花时两侧反折,中部至基部有一半圆形淡黄色垫状斑块;药隔伸出,锥尖;子房下位,具6棱,花柱离生,顶端不裂,有时有一浅凹,柱头卵状,顶生或近顶生。果卵球状,直径7-17毫米,具宿存花被。花期4-11月。
  产于安徽、浙江、江西、福建。生于海拔300-1000米山谷林下阴湿地。模式标本采自福建武夷山。
  本种全草在江西、安徽部分地区入药。
  本种和五岭细辛Asarum wulingense C. F. Liang 外形相似,均具三角状卵形叶片,叶背、叶柄和花梗等都密被黄色柔毛,但本种的花被管喉部不甚缢缩,花被裂片在开花时两侧即向外反折,中部至基部有垫状斑块,花柱顶端不裂或有时浅凹,柱头顶生可区别。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Asarum fukienense  C. Y. Cheng & C. S. Yang
福建细辛   fu jian xi xin
Herbs. Rhizomes vertical, 2-3 mm in diam., internodes 0.5-1 cm. Leaves solitary; petiole 7-17 cm, yellow pubescent; leaf blade adaxially dark green, occasionally with white patches, triangular-ovate to narrowly ovate, 4.5-10 × 4-7 cm, abaxial surface densely yellowish brown pubescent, adaxial surface pubescent along midvein, base auriculate-cordate, lateral lobes 2-3 × 1.5-3.5 cm, apex acute or shortly acuminate; cataphylls ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm. Peduncle often recurved, 1-2.5 cm. Calyx purplish green, campanulate, 2-3 × 1.5-2 cm; sepals connate beyond attachment to ovary, abaxially yellowish pubescent; tube cylindric, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm, not constricted apically, adaxially longitudinally ribbed, orifice ring absent; lobes reflexed, broadly ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm, basal 1/2 with yellowish semicircular pulvinate ring. Stamens 12; filaments much shorter than anthers; connectives slightly extended beyond anthers, awl-shaped. Ovary superior. Styles 6, free, entire; stigmas subterminal. Fl. Apr-Nov.
* Forests, moist shady valleys; 300-1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.

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