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台湾细辛Asarum epigynum Hayata

台湾细辛Asarum epigynum Hayata

别名:作个夹;上花细辛;

科名:马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae

属名:细辛属 Asarum

《中国植物志》第24卷175页
  9.台湾细辛(中国高等植物图鉴)上花细辛(台湾植物志)图版38:1-5
  Asarum epigynum Hayata Icon. Pl. Formos. 5: 140. 1915; Masam. in Trans: Tat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 30: 36. 1940; T. S. Liu et M. J. Lai in Fl. Taiwan 2: 577. 1976; Maekawa in Journ. Jap. Bot. 52, 7: 231. 1977. ——Geotaenium epigynum (Hayata) Maekawa in Proceed. 7th Pacific Congr. (New Zeal. ) 5: 219. 1953: et in Journ. Jap. Bot. 53 (10): 289. 1978.
  多年生草本;根状茎横走,直径2-3毫米,有多条须根。叶窄卵形或卵状披针形,长4-9厘米,宽2.5-6.5厘米,先端渐尖或急尖,基部心形,两侧裂片长1-2.5厘米,宽约2厘米,顶端圆形,通常互相覆盖,叶面在脉上和近缘部被疏毛,叶背毛较密;叶柄长4-6厘米,密被棕黄色柔毛;芽苞叶长卵形,长约8毫米,宽约4毫米,下面和边缘密被棕黄色柔毛。花紫绿色;花梗长1-2厘米,有柔毛,花被与子房合生部分窄倒卵形,在子房以上有短管,直径5-10毫米,喉部稍缢缩,花被裂片三角状肾形或卵圆形,长约8毫米,宽约10毫米,两面被毛;花丝短,药隔短舌状;子房下位,花柱合生,顶端6裂,柱头顶生,向外下延。花期2-3月。
  产于我国台湾和广东海南岛。生于山谷林下。模式标本采自合湾阿里山。
  F. Maekawa于1953年以本种为模式成立新属 Geotaenium。其染色体特征为2n=12(Yuasa,H.& F.Maekawa in Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Society of Chromosome Research(Hirosaki 1977),其后的染色体工作说明其在形态上也具独特性状(Sugawara in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 95: 299-300. f. 4-6. 1982.),与细辛属其它种类的染色体都不相同。本种外部形态和产广东、广西、贵州的地花细辛A. geophyllum Hemsl. 极为相似,而作者初步鉴定其染色体数目也是2n=12,但植物形态上本种与细辛属其它种类稍有区别,按现时分类学上通常使用的原则仍以外部形态为划分鉴别的主要标准,故本种在此仍置于细辛属中。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Asarum epigynum  Hayata
台湾细辛   tai wan xi xin
Geotaenium epigynum (Hayata) F. Maekawa.
Herbs. Rhizomes horizontal, 4-5 mm in diam., internodes 1-2 cm. Leaves paired; petiole 4-6 cm, villous; leaf blade uniformly colored, narrowly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 4-9 × 2.5-6.5 cm, abaxial surface densely pubescent, adaxial surface sparsely pubescent on veins and margin, base cordate, lateral lobes 1-2.5 × ca. 2 cm, apex acuminate; cataphylls oblong, ca. 0.8 × 0.4 cm. Peduncle declinate, 1-2 cm. Calyx slightly zygomorphic, greenish purple, subrotate, 1.5-2 × 2-2.5 cm; sepals connate beyond attachment to ovary, abaxially densely pubescent, adaxially dark red pubescent; tube obconic, 0.5-1 × 0.7-0.8 cm; lobes spreading, triangular-reniform or ovate-rounded, ca. 0.8 × 1 cm. Stamens 12; filaments shorter than anthers; anthers 0.8-1.2 mm; connectives extended beyond anthers, ligulate, less than 0.3 mm. Ovary inferior. Styles connate, short and thick, apex 6-cleft; stigmas terminal, radiating downward, decurrent. Fl. Feb-Mar.
* Forests, valleys. Hainan, Taiwan.

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