水蕹Aponogeton lakhonensis A. Camus

别名：田旱草;田干草;田干菜;

科名：水蕹科 Aponogetonaceae

属名：水蕹属 Aponogeton

《中国植物志》第8卷034页
  1. 水蕹 田干菜（中国高等植物图鉴）图版9
  Aponogeton lakhonensis A. Camus in Not. Syst. 1: 123. f. 18. 1909, et in Lecomte Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 6: 1226. 1942; Van Bruggen in Blumea 18 (2): 479. 1970. ——A. pygmaeus Krause in Bot. Jahrb. 44, Beibl. 101: 8. 1910l; ——A. Camus in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 6: 1227. 1942.——A. monostachyon auct. non Linn. f.: C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 192. 1903. ——A. nasans auct. non (Linn.) Engl. et Krause: 广州植物志652. 1956; 中国高等植物图鉴5: 15. 图6860. 1976; 海南植物志4: 64. 图986. 1977.
  多年生淡水草本。根茎卵球形或长锥形，长达2厘米，常具细丝状的叶鞘残迹，下部着生有许多纤维状的须根。叶沉没水中或漂浮水面，草质；叶片狭卵形至披针形，全缘，长各有平行脉3-4条，次级横脉多数；沉水叶柄长9-15厘米，浮水叶柄长40-60厘米。花葶长约21厘米，穗状花序单一，顶生，花期挺出水面，长约5厘米，佛焰苞早落，被膜质叶鞘包裹着花两性，无梗；花被片2枚，黄色，离生，匙状倒卵形，长约2毫米，宽约0.7毫米，中脉条；雄蕊6枚，离生，排列成两轮，外轮先熟，花丝向基部逐渐增宽，花药2室，纵裂，花粉粒圆球形；雌蕊3-6枚，离生或仅基部联合，子房上位，1室，每室胚珠4-6颗。果为蓇葖果，卵形，顶端渐狭成一外弯的短钝喙。花期4-10月。
  产浙江、福建、江西、广东、海南、广西（永福）等省区。生于浅水塘、溪沟及蓄水稻田中。也分布于印度、泰国、柬埔寨、越南和马来西亚。
  本种与A. natans (Linn.) Engl. et Krause很接近，主要区别在于：后者花为粉红色、紫色；花丝基部不渐增厚，果实具1枚长而直的喙。以往均将本种误定为后者。
  正宗严敬Masamune (in Cont. Syst. Bot. Pl. Oecolog. 1: 1. 1941) 曾将我国台湾桃源的标本描述为新种A. taiwanensis Masam., 后杨远波在《台湾植物志》5:2(1978) 中将其作为A. natans Engl. et Krause的异名。台湾是否产A. natans,抑或与大陆系同一个种或宜独立成种, 因未见标本而难定论, 特附记于此, 以待进一步考订。
形态特征：多年生水生草本。根茎块状，硬木质，具老叶鞘的丝状遗留物，由基部或中部以下抽出须根。叶草质，长圆形至披针形，长5～9厘米，宽1．5～2厘米，顶端钝或短尖，基部宽圆或浅心形，全缘，有稀疏细齿，有纵脉3～5条，柄长13～30厘米。花序露出水面，穗状，长4～6厘米，单生，花密集；苞片早落；两性花，花被片膜质， 2枚，披针形至倒卵形；雄蕊6枚，过于花被片。果瞢葖状，卵形，顶端渐狭成一外弯的短喙。
生长环境：生长在溪流、水塘及稻田中。
花期果期：花果期夏秋季(广东)。
用    途：块茎可食。夏秋季生长最盛，为有害杂草之一。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Aponogeton lakhonensis  A. Camus Notul. Syst. (Paris). 1: 273. 1910.
水蕹   shui weng
Aponogeton pygmaeus K. Krause; A. taiwanensis Masamune.
Rhizome obovoid or elongated, to 2 cm, often with filament remnant of sheath. Petiole 9-15 cm in submerged leaves and 40-60 cm in floating leaves; leaf blade narrowly ovate to linear, 4-6 × 1-2 cm, herbaceous, with 7-9 primary veins at base, base cordate or rounded, margin entire, apex rounded or with a blunt tip. Inflorescence to ca. 5 cm, pedunculate. Flowers bisexual. Perianth segments 2, yellow, slightly obovate, ca. 2 mm. Stamens 6; filaments broadened toward base. Carpels slightly united near base, with 4-6 ovules per carpel. Fruit ovoid, 2-3 mm, with a short terminal beak. Fl. Apr-Oct.
Paddy fields, ponds, streams. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang (Longquan) [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
The specimens of this species were incorrectly named Aponogeton natans (Linnaeus) Engler & Krause, but the latter has reddish or purple flowers, filaments not broadened, and a longer beak. The relationship between A. lakhonensis and A. natans needs to be further studied.The specimens of this species were incorrectly named Aponogeton natans (Linnaeus) Engler & Krause, but the latter has reddish or purple flowers, filaments not broadened, and a longer beak. The relationship between A. lakhonensis and A. natans needs to be further studied.