喜旱莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.

别名：莲子草;水牛膝;螃蜞菊;空心莲子菜;空心雍藤菜;空心苋;长梗满天星;节节花;水蕹菜;东洋草;革命菜;过江龙;过塘蛇;假蕹菜;假雍菜;抗战草;肥猪菜;喜旱莲子;水苋菜;喜旱莲子菜;盘解草;长柄满天星;怕嫩;木排草;莫拉打;虾蚶菜;旱莲草;空心莲子草;革命草;水花生;空心草;喜旱蓬子草;水雍菜;alligatorweed;

科名：苋科 Amaranthaceae

属名：莲子草属 Alternanthera

《中国植物志》第25(2)卷236页
  3.喜旱莲子草 空心苋（福建）、水蕹菜、革命草（江苏）、水花生（北京）图版51: 5-8
  Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. Gott. Abh. 24: 36. 1879; O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. 2: 540. 1891; Backer in Van Steenis, Fl. Males. ser. 1, 4: 93. 1949; 华东水生维管束植物39. f. 46. 1952;江苏南部种子植物手册251. f. 394. 1959; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 610. f. 1219. 1972. ——Cucholzia philoxeroides Mart. in Nov. Act. Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes.-Leop. Carol. Nat. Curios. 13 (1): 107. 1825.
  多年生草本；茎基部匍匐，上部上升，管状，不明显4棱，长55-120厘米，具分枝，幼茎及叶腋有白色或锈色柔毛，茎老时无毛，仅在两侧纵沟内保留。叶片矩圆形、矩圆状倒卵形或倒卵状披针形，长2.5-5厘米，宽7-20毫米，顶端急尖或圆钝，具短尖，基部渐狭，全缘，两面无毛或上面有贴生毛及缘毛，下面有颗粒状突起；叶柄长3-10毫米，无毛或微有柔毛。花密生，成具总花梗的头状花序，单生在叶腋，球形，直径8-15毫米；苞片及小苞片白色，顶端渐尖，具1脉; 苞片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，小苞片披针形，长2毫米；花被片矩圆形，长5-6毫米，白色，光亮，无毛，顶端急尖，背部侧扁；雄蕊花丝长2.5-3毫米，基部连合成杯状; 退化雄蕊矩圆状条形，和雄蕊约等长，顶端裂成窄条；子房倒卵形，具短柄，背面侧扁，顶端圆形。果实未见。花期5-10月。
  原产巴西，我国引种于北京、江苏、浙江、江西、湖南、福建，后逸为野生。生在池沼、水沟内。
  全草入药，有清热利水、凉血解毒作用; 可作饲料。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Alternanthera philoxeroides  (C. Martius) Grisebach
喜旱莲子草   xi han lian zi cao
Bucholzia philoxeroides C. Martius, Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 13(1): 107. 1825; Achyranthes philoxeroides (C. Martius) Standley; Telanthera philoxeroides (C. Martius) Moquin-Tandon.
Herbs perennial. Stem ascending from a creeping base, 55-120 cm, branched; young stem and leaf axil white hairy; old ones glabrous. Petiole 3-10 mm, glabrous or slightly hairy; leaf blade oblong, oblong-obovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 2.5-5 × 0.7-2 cm, glabrous or ciliate, adaxially muricate, base attenuate, margin entire, apex acute or obtuse, with a mucro. Heads with a peduncle, solitary at leaf axil, globose, 0.8-1.5 cm in diam. Bracts and bracteoles white, 1-veined, apex acuminate; bracts ovate, 2-2.5 mm; bracteoles lanceolate, ca. 2 mm. Tepals white, shiny, oblong, 5-6 mm, glabrous, apex acute. Filaments 2.5-3 mm, connate into a cup at base; pseudostaminodes oblong-linear, ca. as long as stamens. Ovary obovoid, compressed, with short stalk. Fruit not known. Fl. May-Oct. 2n = 100*.
Cultivated, waste places. Beijing, Fujian, Guangxi, Hebei, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang [native to South America (Brazil)].