赛山蓝Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.
赛山蓝Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.
1. 赛山蓝（台湾植物志）图版9：13-17
Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb. in Fedde, Repert. 15: 323. 1918; Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 6: 563. 1934; Hsieh & Huang in Taiwania 19(1): 21. 1974; Fl. Taiwan; 625. 1978; Fl. Taiwan. ed. 2: 651. photo. 297. 1998. ——Ruellia blechum L. Syst. 10. ed. 2. : 1120. 1759. ——Barleria pyramidata Lam. Enc. 1: 380. 1783; Nees in DC. Prodr. 11: 243. 1847; Flora Caerules Plum et Burm. 31. tab. 42. fig. 3. 1756. ——Blechum brownei Juss. in Ann. Mus. Par. 9: 278. 1807. ——Blechum blechum Millsp. in Field Cal. Mus Bot. 2: 100. 1900.
直立草本，高达50厘米，茎圆柱形或略4棱，常匍匐，下部节上生根，疏被毛或近光滑。叶薄，卵形，长3-6厘米，宽2-4厘米，顶端尖，基部钝或圆，全缘或近全缘，稀具3-4圆锯齿，上面疏被糙伏毛，背面近光滑；叶柄长达2.5厘米。穗状花序顶生，无梗，长达6厘米；苞片卵形，叶状，约长1.5厘米，被贴生微毛，边缘明显有纤毛；小苞片2，线形；花萼5深裂，裂片线形，背面有疏柔毛；花冠白色，稍大于苞片，冠檐裂片无毛（？）；雄蕊着生于花冠中部；花柱约长2毫米，稍被刚毛。蒴果卵球形，约长5毫米，被微柔毛；种子圆形，直径约1.5毫米。
本种原产美洲，现在中国台湾、菲律宾群岛、马里安纳群岛（Marianne Islands）和加罗林群岛（Caroline Islands）等地归化。▽产台湾（兰屿、屏东、嘉义、台南）。云系归化，并无实证，很可能是早期在太平洋两岸隔离分化所致。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Ruellia blechum Linnaeus Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1120. 1759.
赛山蓝 sai shan lan
Barleria pyramidata Lamarck; Blechum brownei Jussieu; B. pyramidatum (Lamarck) Urban.
Herbs to 50 cm tall. Roots lacking tuberlike swellings. Stems slightly 4-angled, often prostrate and rooting at nodes, sparsely pubescent to subglabrous. Petiole 0.5-2.5 cm, strigose; leaf blade ovate, 3-6 × 2-4 cm, abaxially paler and subglabrous, adaxially green, sparsely strigose and densely pilose along veins, secondary veins 5-8 on each side of midvein, base obtuse to rounded and slightly decurrent onto petiole, margin entire, apex acute. Inflorescences terminal, dense spikes, 2-6 cm, subsessile to shortly pedunculate; rachis strigose; bracts subleaflike, ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1.3 cm, abaxially slightly pubescent, margin ciliate; bracteoles 2, lanceolate-ovate, 5-9 × 1.5-3 mm, margin ciliate. Calyx lobes linear to subulate, outside pilose. Corolla white to pale blue, ca. 1.5 cm (cleistogamous flowers sometimes present, these much smaller and budlike), outside puberulent on lobes; lobes ovate, ca. 3 × 2 mm. Stamens with longer pair ca. 4 mm and shorter pair ca. 3 mm; filaments glabrous; anther thecae ca. 1 mm. Ovary comose; style 6-10 mm, slightly hirsute; stigma usually with only 1 lobe evident. Capsule substipitate, ovoid to ellipsoid, ca. 6 mm, puberulent, 8-12-seeded; septa with attached retinacula separating from inner wall of mature capsule. Seeds ca. 1.5 mm in diam., margin with a conspicuous band of appressed hygroscopic trichomes. Fl. Nov, fr. Nov. 2n = 34.
Disturbed sites, drainage ditches; sea level to below 100 m. Naturalized in Taiwan [native to tropical America].
Ruellia blechum is widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas.Ruellia blechum is widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas.
科名：爵床科 Acanthaceae
属名：赛山蓝属 Blechum
1. 赛山蓝（台湾植物志）图版9：13-17
Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb. in Fedde, Repert. 15: 323. 1918; Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 6: 563. 1934; Hsieh & Huang in Taiwania 19(1): 21. 1974; Fl. Taiwan; 625. 1978; Fl. Taiwan. ed. 2: 651. photo. 297. 1998. ——Ruellia blechum L. Syst. 10. ed. 2. : 1120. 1759. ——Barleria pyramidata Lam. Enc. 1: 380. 1783; Nees in DC. Prodr. 11: 243. 1847; Flora Caerules Plum et Burm. 31. tab. 42. fig. 3. 1756. ——Blechum brownei Juss. in Ann. Mus. Par. 9: 278. 1807. ——Blechum blechum Millsp. in Field Cal. Mus Bot. 2: 100. 1900.
直立草本，高达50厘米，茎圆柱形或略4棱，常匍匐，下部节上生根，疏被毛或近光滑。叶薄，卵形，长3-6厘米，宽2-4厘米，顶端尖，基部钝或圆，全缘或近全缘，稀具3-4圆锯齿，上面疏被糙伏毛，背面近光滑；叶柄长达2.5厘米。穗状花序顶生，无梗，长达6厘米；苞片卵形，叶状，约长1.5厘米，被贴生微毛，边缘明显有纤毛；小苞片2，线形；花萼5深裂，裂片线形，背面有疏柔毛；花冠白色，稍大于苞片，冠檐裂片无毛（？）；雄蕊着生于花冠中部；花柱约长2毫米，稍被刚毛。蒴果卵球形，约长5毫米，被微柔毛；种子圆形，直径约1.5毫米。
本种原产美洲，现在中国台湾、菲律宾群岛、马里安纳群岛（Marianne Islands）和加罗林群岛（Caroline Islands）等地归化。▽产台湾（兰屿、屏东、嘉义、台南）。云系归化，并无实证，很可能是早期在太平洋两岸隔离分化所致。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Ruellia blechum Linnaeus Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1120. 1759.
赛山蓝 sai shan lan
Barleria pyramidata Lamarck; Blechum brownei Jussieu; B. pyramidatum (Lamarck) Urban.
Herbs to 50 cm tall. Roots lacking tuberlike swellings. Stems slightly 4-angled, often prostrate and rooting at nodes, sparsely pubescent to subglabrous. Petiole 0.5-2.5 cm, strigose; leaf blade ovate, 3-6 × 2-4 cm, abaxially paler and subglabrous, adaxially green, sparsely strigose and densely pilose along veins, secondary veins 5-8 on each side of midvein, base obtuse to rounded and slightly decurrent onto petiole, margin entire, apex acute. Inflorescences terminal, dense spikes, 2-6 cm, subsessile to shortly pedunculate; rachis strigose; bracts subleaflike, ovate, ca. 1.5 × 1.3 cm, abaxially slightly pubescent, margin ciliate; bracteoles 2, lanceolate-ovate, 5-9 × 1.5-3 mm, margin ciliate. Calyx lobes linear to subulate, outside pilose. Corolla white to pale blue, ca. 1.5 cm (cleistogamous flowers sometimes present, these much smaller and budlike), outside puberulent on lobes; lobes ovate, ca. 3 × 2 mm. Stamens with longer pair ca. 4 mm and shorter pair ca. 3 mm; filaments glabrous; anther thecae ca. 1 mm. Ovary comose; style 6-10 mm, slightly hirsute; stigma usually with only 1 lobe evident. Capsule substipitate, ovoid to ellipsoid, ca. 6 mm, puberulent, 8-12-seeded; septa with attached retinacula separating from inner wall of mature capsule. Seeds ca. 1.5 mm in diam., margin with a conspicuous band of appressed hygroscopic trichomes. Fl. Nov, fr. Nov. 2n = 34.
Disturbed sites, drainage ditches; sea level to below 100 m. Naturalized in Taiwan [native to tropical America].
Ruellia blechum is widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas.Ruellia blechum is widely naturalized in tropical and subtropical areas.
