Crataegus coccineaScarlet hawthorn
科:蔷薇科
Family:Rosaceae
属:山楂属
common name:Scarlet hawthorn
introduce:Plant Type: Tree
Family: Rosaceae
Missouri Native: No
Native Range: Main to Minnesota south to Kentucky plus Southern Ontario and Quebec
Height: 20 to 25 feet
Spread: 20 to 25 feet
Bloom Time: May
Bloom Color: White
Sun: Full sun (only)
Water: Medium moisture
Maintenance: Medium
General Culture:
Grow in average, medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun. Tolerates a wide range of soils as long as drainage is good. Tolerates light shade and some drought. Tolerates many urban pollutants.
Noteworthy Characteristics:
Scarlet hawthorn or Ontario hawthorn is native to eastern North America. In Canada, it occurs in southern Quebec and southern Ontario. In the U. S., it occurs from Maine to Minnesota south to Kentucky. It is a small, dense, broad-rounded tree to 20-25?tall with horizontal branching armed with thorns (to 2?long). It is also seen as a large multi-stemmed shrub. Ovate (sometimes rounded), dark green leaves (to 3?long) are broadest near the base and sometimes lobed near the top. Leaves are coarsely toothed and mostly hairless. Leaves turn orange to purple red in fall. White flowers (in corymbs) bloom in May. Flowers emit an unpleasant fragrance. Flowers are followed by rounded fruits (1/2?diameter) that ripen to scarlet in September-October and typically persist to late fall/early winter. Fruits are technically edible, but are usually best left for the birds. The fruit is sometimes called a haw. Coccinea in Latin means scarlet. Some ambiguity currently exists regarding the use of the name Crataegus coccinea. The Royal Horticultural Society Plant Finder 2004-2005 states 揅. intricata, C. pedicellata and C. biltmoreana are occasionally supplied under this name?
Problems:
Pests and diseases are a problem with most hawthorns. Plants are susceptible to cedar hawthorn rust (rust stage where eastern red cedars are present in the area) and fireblight. Other potential diseases include fungal leaf spots, powdery mildew, cankers, apple scab, leaf blight and twig blight. Potential insect pests include aphids, borers, caterpillars, lacebugs, leafminers and scale. Red spider mites may also occur. Use of pesticide sprays may be advisable in areas where this plant suffers from significant diseases and insects. Thorns pose significant risks for young children, and also make culture/pruning more difficult.
Uses:
Small flowering landscape tree for lawns or open woodland areas. Notwithstanding disease susceptibility, a well-maintained tree can be ornamentally attractive. Thorns are a drawback for pedestrian areas or areas with small children. Plants may be effective when grown as barrier plants on property borders or in hedgerows.
