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胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.

胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.

别名:shrub lespedeza;雪拉;(艹/杭)子梢;圆叶胡枝子;箒条;呼吉斯;帚条;野扫帚;大橘;杏条;笤条;山扫帚;美丽胡枝子;扫帚头;胡枝子苗;二色胡枝子;矛仁-呼日布格;横笆子;横条;横子;胡枝子根;秔子梢;荆条;苦枝子;大芨;白条;[艹杭]子梢;羊角梢;西南胡枝子;随军菜;扫帚皮;秋牡荆;牡荆;野花生;横筢子;和血丹;杭子稍;过山龙;脑痕;荻;假花生;艹/杭;夜合草;货条;胡枝条;萩;扫皮;随军茶;苕条;扫条;扫帚苗;豆叶柴;

科名:豆科 Leguminosae

属名:胡枝子属 Lespedeza

《中国植物志》第41卷143页
  12. 胡枝子(救荒本草)图版34: 1-8
  Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 13:69. 1840; Schindl. in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 2: 112. 1916; Nakai in Bull. For. Exp. Stat. Chosen 6: 58. 1927: 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学550. 1937; Schischk. et Bob. in Kom. Fl. URSS 13: 379. 1948; 东北木本植物图志342. 图版116. 图225. 1955; 中国主要植物图说·豆科519. 图510. 1955;台湾植物志3:317. 1977;Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 790. 1978.
  直立灌木,高1-3米,多分枝,小枝黄色或暗褐色,有条棱,被疏短毛;芽卵形,长2-3毫米,具数枚黄褐色鳞片。羽状复叶具3小叶;托叶2枚,线状披针形,长3-4.5毫米;叶柄长2-7(-9)厘米;小叶质薄,卵形、倒卵形或卵状长圆形,长1.5-6厘米,宽1-3.5厘米,先端钝圆或微凹,稀稍尖,具短刺尖,基部近圆形或宽楔形,全缘,上面绿色,无毛,下面色淡,被疏柔毛,老时渐无毛。总状花序腋生,比叶长,常构成大型、较疏松的圆锥花序;总花梗长4-10厘米;小苞片2,卵形,长不到1厘米,先端钝圆或稍尖,黄褐色,被短柔毛;花梗短,长约2毫米,密被毛;花萼长约5毫米,5浅裂,裂片通常短于萼筒,上方2裂片合生成2齿,裂片卵形或三角状卵形,先端尖,外面被白毛;花冠红紫色,极稀白色(var. alba Bean),长约10毫米,旗瓣倒卵形,先端微凹,翼瓣较短,近长圆形,基部具耳和瓣柄,龙骨瓣与旗瓣近等长,先端钝,基部具较长的瓣柄;子房被毛。荚果斜倒卵形,稍扁,长约10毫米,宽约5毫米,表面具网纹,密被短柔毛。花期7-9月,果期9-10月。
  产于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、河北、内蒙古、山西、陕西、甘肃、山东、江苏、安徽、浙江、福建、台湾、河南、湖南、广东、广西等省区。生于海拔150-1000米的山坡、林缘、路旁、灌丛及杂木林间。分布于朝鲜、日本、原苏联(西伯利亚地区)。模式标本采自中国。
  种子油可供食用或作机器润滑油;叶可代茶;枝可编筐。性耐旱,是防风、固沙及水土保持植物,为营造防护林及混交林的伴生树种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Lespedeza bicolor  Turczaninow Bull. Soc. Imp. Natural-istes Moscou. 13: 69. 1840.
胡枝子   hu zhi zi
Lespedeza bicolor var. japonica Nakai; L. bicolor f. pen-dula S. L. Tung & Z. Lu; L. ionocalyx Nakai; L. veitchii Ricker.
Shrubs, erect, 1-3 m tall, much branched. Branchlets sparsely pubescent. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 2-7(-9) cm; leaflets abaxially pale green, adaxially green, ovate, obovate, or ovate-oblong, terminal one 1.5-6 × 1-3.5 cm, abaxially pilose, adaxially glabrous, base subrounded or broadly cuneate, apex obtuse-rounded or emarginate, mucronate. Racemes axillary, longer than leaves, often branched in large lax panicles; pedun-cle 4-10 cm. Pedicel ca. 2 mm, densely hairy. Calyx ca. 5 mm, 5-lobed; lobes shorter than tube. Corolla reddish purple, ca. 1 cm; standard obovate, apex emarginate; wings suboblong, short, base auriculate, clawed; keel subequal to standard, base long clawed, apex obtuse. Ovary hairy. Legume obliquely obovoid, slightly flat, ca. 10 × 5 mm, densely pubescent, reticulate veined. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 22*.
Mountain slopes, forest margins, roadsides, thickets, forests; 100-1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Heilong-jiang, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, ?Mongolia, Russia].
The seed oil is used as a lubricant, the leaves as a tea substitute, and the branchlets for making baskets. Because this species tolerates arid soils, it is grown as a windbreak and for sand stabilization and soil conservation.The seed oil is used as a lubricant, the leaves as a tea substitute, and the branchlets for making baskets. Because this species tolerates arid soils, it is grown as a windbreak and for sand stabilization and soil conservation.

《全国中草药汇编》:胡枝子


【拼音名】 Hú Zhī Zǐ
【别名】 扫皮、随军茶
【来源】 豆科胡枝子属植物胡枝子Lespedeza bicolors Turcz.,以入药。全年可采,晒干。
【性味】 辛、微苦,凉。
【功能主治】 解表。用于感冒发热。
【用法用量】 1~3钱。
【备注】 (1)本植物的变种日本胡枝子L. bicolor Turcz. var. japonica Nakai。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
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