栏目

毛叶假鹰爪Desmos dumosus (Roxb.) Saff.

毛叶假鹰爪Desmos dumosus (Roxb.) Saff.

别名:米泽叠;火绳神;云南假鹰爪;火神;都蝶;云南山指甲;

科名:番荔枝科 Annonaceae

属名:假鹰爪属 Desmos

《中国植物志》第30(2)卷046页
  1.毛叶假鹰爪(植物分类学报) 火神(云南河口);都蝶(广西隆安);云南山指甲(植物分类学报) 图版18: 8
  Desmos dumosus (Roxb.) Saff. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 39: 506. 1912; Ast in Humb. Suppl. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 1: 66. 1938; Sincl. in Gard. Bull. Singap. 14: 268. 1955; 吴征镒、王文采, 植物分类学报6: 203. 1957; 李秉滔, 植物分类学报14 (1): 99. 1976.——Unona dumosa Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 670. 1824.
  直立灌木;茎、枝条均有凸起皮孔;枝条、叶背、叶柄、叶脉、花梗、苞片、萼片两面、花瓣两面、果柄及果均被柔毛或短柔毛。叶薄纸质或膜质,倒卵状椭圆形或长圆形,有时近琴形,长5-15.5厘米,宽2-6.5厘米,顶端短渐尖或急尖,有时钝头,基部浅心形或截形;侧脉每边9-13条,上面扁平,下面凸起;叶柄长5-10毫米。花黄绿色,单生于叶腋外或与叶对生或互生,长5-6厘米,下垂;花梗长1.5-2厘米;苞片生于花梗的近中部或基部;萼片卵圆形,长约8毫米;外轮花瓣比内轮花瓣大,卵状披针形或长椭圆形,长5-6厘米,宽2厘米,顶端钝,内轮花瓣长圆形,中部稍宽,长3-4厘米,宽5-8毫米;雄蕊倒卵形,药隔顶端近圆形;心皮长圆形,被长柔毛,柱头顶端2裂,无毛。果有柄,念珠状,总果柄长2厘米。花期4-8月,果期7月-翌年4月。
  产于广西、云南和贵州。生于海拔500-1 700米的山地疏林中或山坡灌木林中。印度、泰国、老挝、越南、马来西亚、新加坡等也有。本种模式标本采自印度。
  云南山区人民用其茎皮作麻绳。
  本种的枝叶外形近似于皂帽花,惟后者的叶背密被长柔毛,叶柄极短或几无柄,花瓣3片,1轮等和本种不同。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Desmos dumosus  (Roxburgh) Safford Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 39: 506. 1912.
毛叶假鹰爪   mao ye jia ying zhua
Unona dumosa Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 670. 1824.
Climbers to 4 m tall, woody. Branches densely hairy when young. Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade obovate-elliptic to oblong, 5-16 × 2-7 cm, membranous to thinly papery, abaxially densely erect hairy, secondary veins 9-15 on each side of midvein, base shallowly cordate to truncate, apex shortly acuminate to acute. Inflorescences extra-axillary or leaf-opposed, 1-flowered. Pedicel 1-3 cm. Flowers pendulous. Sepals ovate to lanceolate, 4-11 × 2.5-6.5 mm. Outer petals ovate to obovate, 4-6.5 × 1.5-3.5 cm; inner petals ovate to lanceolate, 3-4(-6.5) × 0.5-0.8(-2) cm. Stamen connectives apically truncate to rounded. Carpels many; stigmas clavate, apex 2-cleft. Fruiting pedicel 2-4 cm; monocarp stipes 4-7 mm; monocarps ellipsoid or moniliform, 0.8-5.5 × 0.5-0.8 cm, sparsely to densely hairy. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Jul-Apr.
Open forests, thickets; 500-1700 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, S Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Laos, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam].

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